Ethyl glucuronide identified in commercial hair tonics

• Published in: Forensic science international 2013-09, Vol.231 (1), p.195-198
• Main Authors: Arndt, Torsten, Schröfel, Stefanie, Stemmerich, Karsten
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alcohol; Alcohols; Analytical chemistry; Ethanol; Ethyl alcohol; Ethyl glucuronide; Experiments; Forensic science; Forensic sciences; Hair; Hair testing; Hair tonic; Intakes; LC–MS/MS; Markers; Mass spectrometry; Monitoring; Pathology; Recipes
• ISSN: 0379-0738; 1872-6283
• DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.05.010

Abstract Background Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in hair is considered as a specific marker of ethanol consumption. Prompted by a report of positive EtG hair testings due to hair treatment with an EtG containing hair lotion, commercially available herbal hair tonics from supermarkets, drug-stores, and health food stores were analyzed for the presence of EtG and ethyl sulfate (EtS). Methods LC–MS/MS (QTRAP 5500 mass spectrometer) was done in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), enhanced product ion (EPI) and MS3 mode. The lower limit of quantitation was 0.05 mg/L for EtG and the cut-off for the detection of EtS 0.01 mg/L. Results Altogether 11 hair tonics from 8 manufacturers were tested, with 1 product in 3 different lots. EtG ranged between 0.07 and 1.06 mg/L (7 products from 4 manufacturers) and was almost identical in the 3 lots of 1 product (1.01–1.06 mg/L). EtS was found in 3 out of the 11 hair tonics. Conclusions EtG is quite frequently present in commercially available herbal hair tonics. Using EtG in hair as a marker of alcohol (ab)use, one has to consider external sources of EtG and has to assess the use of hair care products, esp. if the patient denies any ethanol intake. Whether EtS is a more reliable alcohol (ab)use marker, as sometimes discussed, should be critically assessed against the background of its broad use in large amounts in industrial chemistry.