Waldsterben: forest decline in West Germany

Causes of forest death in West Germany were identified as soil acidification (SA) and the effects of gaseous air pollution (GAP). Interactions between SA and GAP and their effects on trees are discussed. Inputs of acids to forest ecosystems (FE) were calculated. The buffering capacity of FE is discu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science & technology 1990-04, Vol.24 (4), p.436-441
Main Author: Ulrich, Bernhard
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ACIDEZ
ACIDITE
ACIDITY
ADVERSE EFFECTS
AIR POLLUTION
ALEMANIA
ALLEMAGNE
Applied sciences
BOSQUES
CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION
DAMAGE
DANOS
DEGAT
DEPERISSEMENT DES FORETS
DEPOSITION
EFECTOS SECUNDARIOS
EFFET SECONDAIRE
Exact sciences and technology
FOREST DIEBACK
FORESTS
FORET
GERMANY
Global environmental pollution
MARCHITEZ DEL BOSQUE
Pollution
POLLUTION ATMOSPHERIQUE
POLUCION DEL AIRE
PRECIPITACION QUIMICA
PRECIPITATION CHIMIQUE
PROPIEDADES FISICO-QUIMICAS SUELO
PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE DU SOL
SIDE EFFECTS
SOIL CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Summary:Causes of forest death in West Germany were identified as soil acidification (SA) and the effects of gaseous air pollution (GAP). Interactions between SA and GAP and their effects on trees are discussed. Inputs of acids to forest ecosystems (FE) were calculated. The buffering capacity of FE is discussed. Effects of SA and acid stress are detailed. Critical loads of acidity and nitrogen were derived and required reductions in emissions are presented.
ISSN:0013-936X
1520-5851
DOI:10.1021/es00074a002