The effect of chronic cocaine exposure throughout pregnancy on maternal and infant outcomes in the rhesus monkey

To explore the effects of gestational cocaine exposure in a nonhuman primate model, pregnant rhesus monkeys were either treated ( N = 10) with escalating doses of cocaine up to 7.5 mg/kg (IM), three times per day, 5 consecutive days per week, prior to conception and throughout gestation, or were not...

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Published in:Neurotoxicology and teratology 1997, Vol.19 (1), p.47-57
Main Authors: Morris, P., Binienda, Z., Gillam, M.P., Klein, J., McMartin, K., Koren, G., Duhart, H.M., Slikker, W., Paule, M.G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Biological and medical sciences
Cocaine
Cocaine - analogs & derivatives
Cocaine - blood
Cocaine - toxicity
Drug addictions
Drug Administration Schedule
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Female
Gestational Age
Hair - metabolism
Hematologic Tests
Infant
Macaca mulatta
Maternal-Fetal Exchange
Medical sciences
Mother
Narcotics - blood
Narcotics - toxicity
Outcomes
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Outcome
Reflex - drug effects
Rhesus
Toxicology
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Summary:To explore the effects of gestational cocaine exposure in a nonhuman primate model, pregnant rhesus monkeys were either treated ( N = 10) with escalating doses of cocaine up to 7.5 mg/kg (IM), three times per day, 5 consecutive days per week, prior to conception and throughout gestation, or were not treated ( N = 10) with cocaine at all. Substantial levels of both cocaine and its major metabolite, benzoylecgonine, were observed in samples of hair taken at birth from mothers and infants of the cocaine-treated group. Despite these differences in cocaine exposure, the experimental groups did not differ significantly with respect to maternal outcome, as measured by body weight gain during pregnancy and length of pregnancy. On the other hand, the experimental groups did differ significantly with respect to infant outcome, as measured at birth by body weight, overall length, and crown circumference, all of which were decreased in the cocaine-treated group. A variety of reflexes tested at birth were normal in the cocaine-treated group. It was concluded that, in a rhesus monkey model, chronic cocaine exposure throughout pregnancy had no significant effect on maternal outcome, but did significantly affect infant outcome as assessed in this investigation.
ISSN:0892-0362
1872-9738
DOI:10.1016/S0892-0362(96)00187-0