Adrenal insufficiency

Summary Adrenal insufficiency is the clinical manifestation of deficient production or action of glucocorticoids, with or without deficiency also in mineralocorticoids and adrenal androgens. It is a life-threatening disorder that can result from primary adrenal failure or secondary adrenal disease d...

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Published in:The Lancet (British edition) 2014-06, Vol.383 (9935), p.2152-2167
Main Authors: Charmandari, Evangelia, Dr, Nicolaides, Nicolas C, MD, Chrousos, George P, Prof
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adrenal glands
Adrenal Insufficiency - diagnosis
Adrenal Insufficiency - etiology
Adrenal Insufficiency - therapy
Adrenals. Adrenal axis. Renin-angiotensin system (diseases)
Biological and medical sciences
Endocrinology
Endocrinopathies
Epidemiology
Female
General aspects
Hormones
Humans
Internal Medicine
Medical sciences
Non tumoral diseases. Target tissue resistance. Benign neoplasms
Plasma
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications
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creator Charmandari, Evangelia, Dr
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description Summary Adrenal insufficiency is the clinical manifestation of deficient production or action of glucocorticoids, with or without deficiency also in mineralocorticoids and adrenal androgens. It is a life-threatening disorder that can result from primary adrenal failure or secondary adrenal disease due to impairment of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis. Prompt diagnosis and management are essential. The clinical manifestations of primary adrenal insufficiency result from deficiency of all adrenocortical hormones, but they can also include signs of other concurrent autoimmune conditions. In secondary or tertiary adrenal insufficiency, the clinical picture results from glucocorticoid deficiency only, but manifestations of the primary pathological disorder can also be present. The diagnostic investigation, although well established, can be challenging, especially in patients with secondary or tertiary adrenal insufficiency. We summarise knowledge at this time on the epidemiology, causal mechanisms, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of this disorder.
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subjects Adrenal glands
Adrenal Insufficiency - diagnosis
Adrenal Insufficiency - etiology
Adrenal Insufficiency - therapy
Adrenals. Adrenal axis. Renin-angiotensin system (diseases)
Biological and medical sciences
Endocrinology
Endocrinopathies
Epidemiology
Female
General aspects
Hormones
Humans
Internal Medicine
Medical sciences
Non tumoral diseases. Target tissue resistance. Benign neoplasms
Plasma
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications
title Adrenal insufficiency
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