Operation of dichogamy and herkogamy in five taxa of Pulsatilla

Dichogamy in five taxa of Pulsatilla (P. patens, P. pratensis, P. vernalis, P. vulgaris ssp. gotlandica and P. vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) is incomplete with overlap between the female and male phases of a flower. The species are protogynous with the duration of the obligate female phase lasting 0 to 10...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Holarctic ecology 1991-01, Vol.14 (4), p.260-271
Main Authors: Jonsson, O, Rosquist, G, Widen, B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
androecium
Anemone
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Biological and medical sciences
cross pollination
Dichogamy
Female animals
Flower stigma
Flowering
Flowers
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gynoecium
mating systems
phenology
Plants
Pollen
pollen germination
Pollen tubes
Pollination
Pulsatilla
pulsatilla patens
pulsatilla pratensis
pulsatilla vernalis
pulsatilla vulgaris
Seed set
self incompatibility
self-pollination
spatial distribution
spatial separation
stigma
temporal variation
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Summary:Dichogamy in five taxa of Pulsatilla (P. patens, P. pratensis, P. vernalis, P. vulgaris ssp. gotlandica and P. vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) is incomplete with overlap between the female and male phases of a flower. The species are protogynous with the duration of the obligate female phase lasting 0 to 10 d and the duration of stigma receptivity of unpollinated flowers lasting 3.5 to 32 d in the greenhouse. The pollen presentation time varied between 1.5 and 10 d. There were significant differences among species in duration of both female and male phases. Hand pollination decreased the duration of stigmatic receptivity and pollen presentation significantly. The spatial separation of pollen presentation and receptive surfaces in a flower changed with time due to the continuing growth of the androecium and the gynoecium, and due to the temporal pattern of pollen presentation within the androecium. Hand pollination experiments indicate that seed set may be partly pollen-limited in a natural population of P. vulgaris ssp. vulgaris. The level of cross-pollination was high in this population as shown by high levels of pollen deposition on the stigmas during the obligate female phase.
ISSN:0105-9327