Boron and lithium isotopes as groundwater tracers: a study at the Fresh Kills Landfill, Staten Island, New York, USA

A study was conducted at the Fresh Kills landfill, Staten Island, New York to investigate the use of B and Li isotopes as tracers of mixing and flow in the groundwater environment. Four end-member waters are present at the Fresh Kills: freshwater, seawater, a geochemically distinct transitional grou...

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Published in:Applied geochemistry 2003-04, Vol.18 (4), p.615-627
Main Authors: Hogan, James F, Blum, Joel D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Exact sciences and technology
Geochemistry
Hydrogeology
Hydrology. Hydrogeology
Mineralogy
Silicates
Water geochemistry
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description A study was conducted at the Fresh Kills landfill, Staten Island, New York to investigate the use of B and Li isotopes as tracers of mixing and flow in the groundwater environment. Four end-member waters are present at the Fresh Kills: freshwater, seawater, a geochemically distinct transitional groundwater (that occurs in the zone of mixing between seawater and freshwater) and landfill leachate. The δ 11B and δ 6Li values of end-member waters are distinct and have isotopic compositions that reflect the solute sources: freshwater δ 11B∼+30‰, δ 6Li∼−22‰; transition zone groundwaters δ 11B∼+20‰, δ 6Li∼−27‰; seawater δ 11B+40 to +75‰, δ 6Li−37 to−44‰; leachate δ 11B∼+10‰ (δ 6Li not determined). Those wells influenced by seawater exhibited a clear chemical mixing trend, with seawater contributions ranging from 3 to 85%. Well waters with a high percentage of seawater (>30%) had δ 11B values that were within 1‰ of the seawater value (+40‰), whereas a trend of increasing δ 11B values (+55 to +75‰) was observed for wells with a lower percentage of seawater (
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Four end-member waters are present at the Fresh Kills: freshwater, seawater, a geochemically distinct transitional groundwater (that occurs in the zone of mixing between seawater and freshwater) and landfill leachate. The δ 11B and δ 6Li values of end-member waters are distinct and have isotopic compositions that reflect the solute sources: freshwater δ 11B∼+30‰, δ 6Li∼−22‰; transition zone groundwaters δ 11B∼+20‰, δ 6Li∼−27‰; seawater δ 11B+40 to +75‰, δ 6Li−37 to−44‰; leachate δ 11B∼+10‰ (δ 6Li not determined). Those wells influenced by seawater exhibited a clear chemical mixing trend, with seawater contributions ranging from 3 to 85%. Well waters with a high percentage of seawater (&gt;30%) had δ 11B values that were within 1‰ of the seawater value (+40‰), whereas a trend of increasing δ 11B values (+55 to +75‰) was observed for wells with a lower percentage of seawater (&lt;30%). δ 6Li values for well waters impacted by mixing with seawater ranged from−37 to−44‰, significantly more negative than pure seawater (−31‰). This deviation from the isotopic composition of seawater, for both δ 11B and δ 6Li values, represents non-conservative behavior and is likely the result of isotopic fractionation during ion exchange reactions. 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Four end-member waters are present at the Fresh Kills: freshwater, seawater, a geochemically distinct transitional groundwater (that occurs in the zone of mixing between seawater and freshwater) and landfill leachate. The δ 11B and δ 6Li values of end-member waters are distinct and have isotopic compositions that reflect the solute sources: freshwater δ 11B∼+30‰, δ 6Li∼−22‰; transition zone groundwaters δ 11B∼+20‰, δ 6Li∼−27‰; seawater δ 11B+40 to +75‰, δ 6Li−37 to−44‰; leachate δ 11B∼+10‰ (δ 6Li not determined). Those wells influenced by seawater exhibited a clear chemical mixing trend, with seawater contributions ranging from 3 to 85%. Well waters with a high percentage of seawater (&gt;30%) had δ 11B values that were within 1‰ of the seawater value (+40‰), whereas a trend of increasing δ 11B values (+55 to +75‰) was observed for wells with a lower percentage of seawater (&lt;30%). δ 6Li values for well waters impacted by mixing with seawater ranged from−37 to−44‰, significantly more negative than pure seawater (−31‰). This deviation from the isotopic composition of seawater, for both δ 11B and δ 6Li values, represents non-conservative behavior and is likely the result of isotopic fractionation during ion exchange reactions. The wide range of δ 11B and δ 6Li values and the distinct isotopic compositions of end-member waters makes B and Li isotopes useful for recognizing solute sources, however isotopic fractionation may limit their use as simple tracers of groundwater flow and mixing.</description><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Hydrology. 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subjects Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Exact sciences and technology
Geochemistry
Hydrogeology
Hydrology. Hydrogeology
Mineralogy
Silicates
Water geochemistry
title Boron and lithium isotopes as groundwater tracers: a study at the Fresh Kills Landfill, Staten Island, New York, USA
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