Experimental studies of sewer exfiltration

The effects of joint openings and in-pipe sediment on exfiltration losses in an experimental sewer are reported and the influence of flow and head on loss rates are also evaluated. Exfiltration rates tend to be exponential with changes in head for clean-water tests but exhibit power functions when t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water science and technology 2003-01, Vol.47 (4), p.61-67
Main Authors: Ellis, J B, Revitt, D M, Lister, P, Willgress, C, Buckley, A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
Cities
Effluents
Environmental Monitoring
Equilibrium
Equipment Failure
Flow velocity
Groundwater
Hydraulics
Joints (timber)
Models, Theoretical
Pipes
Sediment
Sedimentation
Sediments
Sewage
Sewer systems
Tissue
Tracer techniques
Tracers
Waste Disposal, Fluid
Water Movements
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Description
Summary:The effects of joint openings and in-pipe sediment on exfiltration losses in an experimental sewer are reported and the influence of flow and head on loss rates are also evaluated. Exfiltration rates tend to be exponential with changes in head for clean-water tests but exhibit power functions when the pipe is subject to sedimentation. In-pipe sediment leads to an effective sealing of joints especially if the invert deposits are both organic in nature and contain saturated adhesive material such as shredded toilet tissue. Simple tracer techniques are described to quantify exfiltration losses and the potential effects of tracer adsorption by pipe solids are evaluated.
ISSN:0273-1223
1996-9732
DOI:10.2166/wst.2003.0221