Finnish strategies for reduction and control of effluents to the marine environment: examples from agriculture, municipalities and industry

The most serious environmental problem encountered in the Baltic Sea is eutrophication. Finland finalised in spring 2002 its national Programme for the Protection of the Baltic Sea. The programme contains more than 30 measures for improving the state of the Baltic Sea and protecting the marine envir...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine pollution bulletin 2003-01, Vol.47 (1-6), p.162-168
Main Author: KOHONEN, J. Tapani
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accidents
Agriculture
Applied sciences
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Environment
Eutrophication
Exact sciences and technology
Finland
Industrial Waste
Marine
Natural water pollution
Petroleum
Pollution
Pollution, environment geology
Risk Assessment
Seawaters, estuaries
Waste Disposal, Fluid
Water Pollution - prevention & control
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:The most serious environmental problem encountered in the Baltic Sea is eutrophication. Finland finalised in spring 2002 its national Programme for the Protection of the Baltic Sea. The programme contains more than 30 measures for improving the state of the Baltic Sea and protecting the marine environment. Total national investments during the next 10-15 years will amount to EUR 300-370 million. The highest annual cost will be environmental support to agriculture. The bulk of the rest of the money will be used for nitrogen purification of municipal wastewater, improvement of water protection in dispersed settlement areas, and investments to improve maritime safety and decrease the risks of oil spills.
ISSN:0025-326X
1879-3363
DOI:10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00476-9