Clostridium difficile infection in diabetes

Abstract Diabetes-related hospitalization and hospital utilization is a serious challenge to the health care system, a situation which may be further aggravated by nosocomial Clostridium difficile ( C. difficile ) infection (CDI). Studies have demonstrated that diabetes increases the risk of recurre...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diabetes research and clinical practice 2014-09, Vol.105 (3), p.285-294
Main Authors: Qu, Hui-Qi, Jiang, Zhi-Dong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Clostridium difficile
Clostridium difficile - classification
Clostridium difficile - pathogenicity
Diabetes
Diabetes Complications - microbiology
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous - microbiology
Feces - microbiology
Gut microbiota
Host immunity
Humans
Infant
Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods
Virulence Factors - classification
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Summary:Abstract Diabetes-related hospitalization and hospital utilization is a serious challenge to the health care system, a situation which may be further aggravated by nosocomial Clostridium difficile ( C. difficile ) infection (CDI). Studies have demonstrated that diabetes increases the risk of recurrent CDI with OR (95% CI) 2.99 (1.88, 4.76). C. difficile is a gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic bacterium which is widely distributed in the environment. Up to 7% of healthy adults and up to 45% of infants may have asymptomatic intestinal carriage of C. difficile . A large number of strains of C. difficile have been identified. A number of PCR or sequence-based molecular typing methods are available for typing C. difficile isolates. C. difficile virulence evolved independently in the highly epidemic lineages, associated with the expression of toxin genes and other virulence factors. This article briefly reviews recent progresses in the bateriology of C. difficile and highlights the limited knowledge of potential mechanisms for the increased risk of CDI in diabetes which warrants further research.
ISSN:0168-8227
1872-8227
DOI:10.1016/j.diabres.2014.06.002