A simple, versatile valve model for use in lumped parameter and one-dimensional cardiovascular models

SUMMARY Lumped parameter and one‐dimensional models of the cardiovascular system generally employ ideal cardiac and/or venous valves that open and close instantaneously. However, under normal or pathological conditions, valves can exhibit complex motions that are mainly determined by the instantaneo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering 2012-06, Vol.28 (6-7), p.626-641
Main Authors: Mynard, J. P., Davidson, M. R., Penny, D. J., Smolich, J. J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aortic valve
Aortic Valve - physiology
Humans
mitral valve
Models, Cardiovascular
pulmonary hypertension
pulmonary valve
regurgitation
stenosis
tricuspid valve
venous valve
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Summary:SUMMARY Lumped parameter and one‐dimensional models of the cardiovascular system generally employ ideal cardiac and/or venous valves that open and close instantaneously. However, under normal or pathological conditions, valves can exhibit complex motions that are mainly determined by the instantaneous difference between upstream and downstream pressures. We present a simple valve model that predicts valve motion on the basis of this pressure difference, and can be used to investigate not only valve pathology, but a wide range of cardiac and vascular factors that are likely to influence valve motion. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Given a sinusoidal pressure difference (Δp) with increasing amplitude, this figure shows the resultant time‐varying state of the proposed valve model (ζ, 0 = Dclosed, 1 = Dopen). Valve opening/closure is more rapid for greater pressure differences.
ISSN:2040-7939
2040-7947
DOI:10.1002/cnm.1466