DNA damage caused by inorganic particulate matter on Raji and HepG2 cell lines exposed to ultraviolet radiation

•Positive correlation between ammonium nitrate, and genotoxicity in Raji and HepG2.•We observed apoptosis at high concentrations of ammonium nitrate in Raji and HepG2.•Apoptosis at high concentrations decreased with ultraviolet exposure – comet assay.•Ammonium nitrate decreases viability and cell gr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis 2014-09, Vol.771, p.6-14
Main Authors: Xiao, Michael, Helsing, Albert V., Lynch, Philip M., El-Naggar, Atif, Alegre, Melissa M., Robison, Richard A., O’Neill, Kim L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Airborne particulates
Ammonium Sulfate - radiation effects
Ammonium Sulfate - toxicity
Apoptosis
Apoptosis - drug effects
Apoptosis - radiation effects
Cell Line, Tumor
Cells
Comet assay
Correlation analysis
DNA Damage
Epidemiology
Hep G2 Cells
HepG2 cells
Humans
Inorganic Chemicals - radiation effects
Inorganic Chemicals - toxicity
Mutagenicity Tests
Nitrates - radiation effects
Nitrates - toxicity
Particulate matter
Particulate Matter - radiation effects
Particulate Matter - toxicity
Raji cells
Ultraviolet radiation
Ultraviolet Rays - adverse effects
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Summary:•Positive correlation between ammonium nitrate, and genotoxicity in Raji and HepG2.•We observed apoptosis at high concentrations of ammonium nitrate in Raji and HepG2.•Apoptosis at high concentrations decreased with ultraviolet exposure – comet assay.•Ammonium nitrate decreases viability and cell growth in Raji and HepG2 in 24h incubation.•Another harmful inorganic PM compound, ammonium sulfate causes no genotoxicity. Epidemiological studies have correlated exposure to ultraviolet-irradiated particulate matter with cardiovascular, respiratory, and lung diseases. This study investigated the DNA damage induced by two major inorganic particulate matter compounds found in diesel exhaust, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate, on Burkitt's lymphoma (Raji) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines. We found a dose-dependent positive correlation of accumulated DNA damage at concentrations of ammonium nitrate (25μg/ml, 50μg/ml, 100μg/ml, 200μg/ml, 400μg/ml) with ultraviolet exposure (250J/m2, 400J/m2, 600J/m2, 850J/m2), as measured by the comet assay in both cell lines. There was a significant difference between the treated ammonium nitrate samples and negative control samples in Raji and HepG2 cells (p
ISSN:1383-5718
1879-3592
DOI:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.06.004