Interference of cage fish farm on diet, condition factor and numeric abundance on wild fish in a Neotropical reservoir

• Published in: Aquaculture 2013-11, Vol.414-415, p.56-62
• Main Authors: Ramos, Igor P., Brandão, Heleno, Zanatta, Augusto S., Zica, Érica de O.P., da Silva, Reinaldo J., de Rezende-Ayroza, Daercy M.M., Carvalho, Edmir D.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aggregate ichthyofauna; Agnatha. Pisces; Animal and plant ecology; Animal aquaculture; Animal populations; Animal productions; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Aquaculture; Aquatic ecosystems; Astyanax altiparanae; Autoecology; Biological and medical sciences; cages; condition factor; Diet; Environmental impact; farming systems; Fish; fish culture; fish farms; fisheries; food waste; freshwater fish; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; Niche breadth; nutritional status; Organic enrichment; organic matter; Pimelodus maculatus; Pisciculture; Plagioscion squamosissimus; Population density; recycling; Resident fishes; rivers; tropics; Vertebrate aquaculture; Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution; wild fish
• ISSN: 0044-8486; 1873-5622
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.07.013

Historically, the ichthyofauna of large Brazilian rivers has been subject to anthropogenic interference, such as impoundments. Currently, cage fish farming systems are a new source of impact on aquatic ecosystems. The objective of this study was to characterise the impact of freshwater fish farms on the feeding of five species of Neotropical freshwater fish. Specimens of Astyanax altiparanae, Galeocharax knerii, Iheringicthys labrosus, Pimelodus maculatus and Plagioscion squamosissimus were sampled in areas around two systems of cage fish farming (CF), and two control areas (CT) that were not influenced by this activity. Results show that there were significant changes in the diet of trophic generalist species (A. altiparanae, P. maculatus and I. labrosus) accompanied by a related increase in the condition factor values of these species in cage areas. Trophic specialist species, such as the carnivorous fish species G. knerii and P. squamosissimus, presented small differences between the CF and CT areas with regard to diet and showed no differences in other analyses performed. In conclusion, cage fish farms can affect the natural diet of trophic generalist fish species, directly affecting the nutritional status (condition factor), where food wastes was found to be one of the principal items consumed by this trophic guild. Results indicate that these species are responsible for recycling a great quantity of organic matter transferred by this type of activity, which, along with local fishery activities, contribute to mitigation of associated processes of eutrophication. •The cage fish farm system causes changes in the diet of freshwater fishes.•The diet change may cause the increase in condition factor of omnivorous fishes.•Carnivorous fish species are less influenced by cage fish.•Organic matter in the sediment was higher in the cage farm than the control area.•Omnivorous fish can accelerate the process of cycling organic matter (ration).