Prevalence of Self-Medication and Associated Factors in an Elderly Population: A Systematic Review

Background The aging of the world populat ion together with changes in the epidemiological profile of diseases have led to increases in both the consumption of medicines and health expenses. In this context, self-medication has gained importance as a rapid treatment that bypasses bureaucracy and, in...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Drugs & aging 2014-12, Vol.31 (12), p.883-896
Main Authors: Jerez-Roig, Javier, Medeiros, Lucas F. B., Silva, Victor A. B., Bezerra, Camila L. P. A. M., Cavalcante, Leandro A. R., Piuvezam, Grasiela, Souza, Dyego L. B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age Factors
Aged
Biological and medical sciences
Female
Geriatrics/Gerontology
Global Health
Health Services for the Aged
Humans
Internal Medicine
Male
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Pharmacotherapy
Prevalence
Self Medication - statistics & numerical data
Sex Factors
Socioeconomic Factors
Systematic Review
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Background The aging of the world populat ion together with changes in the epidemiological profile of diseases have led to increases in both the consumption of medicines and health expenses. In this context, self-medication has gained importance as a rapid treatment that bypasses bureaucracy and, in some instances, delays in obtaining medical assistance. Objective Verification of self-medication prevalence and associated factors in the elderly, as well as identification of the main categories of non-prescription drugs utilized. Data Sources The following databases were utilized: Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO, PAHO, MedCarib and WHOLIS. Study Eligibility Criteria Studies on the prevalence of self-medication in community-dwelling elderly were included. Review studies were excluded, as well as MSc dissertations, PhD theses and research with convenience sampling. Participants Community-dwelling individuals aged 60 years or over. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods A systematic review of population-based articles published up until September 1, 2014, is presented. The STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement was applied for critical assessment of the articles, and those with a minimum score of 60 % were selected for inclusion in the review. Results Thirty-six articles were selected, of which 28 were included after critical reading. The prevalence of self-medication varied between 4 and 87 %, and the majority of studies reported values between 20 and 60 %. The mean prevalence reported in the articles was 38 %, but several criteria were utilized to measure self-medication. The most commonly utilized non-prescription drugs were analgesics and antipyretics, followed by non-hormonal anti-inflammatories, cardiovascular agents, dietary complements and alternative medicine components. The variables that presented positive associations with self-medication were female sex, visits to pharmacists, depression, functional dependency, recent hospitalization, oral pain, restriction of activities and physical inactivity. The variables with negative associations were medical appointments, married status, use of health services, satisfaction with living arrangements, living in institutional settings and private health plans. Limitations Different definitions of self-medication were employed in the identified articles, which hindered the comparison between studies and meta-analysis. Only 15 studies analysed associated fa
ISSN:1170-229X
1179-1969
DOI:10.1007/s40266-014-0217-x