Comparison of optotypes of Amsterdam Picture Chart with those of Tumbling-E, LEA Symbols, ETDRS, and Landolt-C in non-amblyopic and amblyopic patients

• Published in: Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 2014-12, Vol.252 (12), p.2013-2020
• Main Authors: Engin, Ö., Despriet, D. D. G., van der Meulen-Schot, H. M., Romers, A., Slot, X., Sang, M. Tjon Fo, Fronius, M., Kelderman, H., Simonsz, H. J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Amblyopia - physiopathology; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Ophthalmology; Orthoptics - instrumentation; Pediatrics; Reproducibility of Results; Sensory Thresholds; Vision Tests - instrumentation; Visual Acuity - physiology; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0721-832X; 1435-702X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00417-014-2763-7

Purpose To compare optotypes of the Amsterdam Picture Chart (APK) with those of Landolt-C (LC), Tumbling-E (TE), ETDRS and LEA symbols (LEA), to assess their reliability in measuring visual acuity (VA). Methods We recruited healthy controls with equal VA and amblyopes with ≥2 LogMAR lines interocular difference. New logarithmic charts were developed with LC, TE, ETDRS, LEA, and APK with identical size and spacing (four optotypes) between optotypes. Charts were randomly presented at 5 m under DIN EN ISO 8596 and 8597 conditions. VA was measured with LC (LC-VA), TE, ETDRS, LEA, and APK, using six out of ten optotypes answered correctly as threshold. Results In 100 controls aged 17–31, LC-VA was −0.207 ± SD 0.089 LogMAR. Visual acuity measured with TE differed from LC-VA by 0.021 (positive value meaning less recognizable), with ETDRS 0.012, with Lea 0.054, and with APK 0.117. In 46 amblyopic eyes with LC-VA