The effect of methylene blue treatment on aspiration pneumonia

Abstract Background The study aimed to examine whether methylene blue (MB) prevents different pulmonary aspiration materials-induced lung injury in rats. Methods The experiments were designed in 60 Sprague–Dawley rats, ranging in weight from 250–300 g, randomly allotted into one of six groups ( n  =...

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Published in:The Journal of surgical research 2015-02, Vol.193 (2), p.909-919
Main Authors: Kanter, Mehmet, PhD, Sahin, Sevtap Hekimoglu, MD, Basaran, Umit Nusret, MD, Ayvaz, Suleyman, MD, Aksu, Burhan, MD, Erboga, Mustafa, PhD, Colak, Alkin, MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute Lung Injury - etiology
Acute Lung Injury - pathology
Acute Lung Injury - prevention & control
Animals
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use
Immunohistochemistry
In Situ Nick-End Labeling
iNOS
Lung - pathology
Methylene blue
Methylene Blue - therapeutic use
Pneumonia, Aspiration - complications
Pneumonia, Aspiration - drug therapy
Pneumonia, Aspiration - pathology
Pulmonary aspiration
Random Allocation
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Surfactant protein D
Surgery
TUNEL
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creator Kanter, Mehmet, PhD
Sahin, Sevtap Hekimoglu, MD
Basaran, Umit Nusret, MD
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Colak, Alkin, MD
description Abstract Background The study aimed to examine whether methylene blue (MB) prevents different pulmonary aspiration materials-induced lung injury in rats. Methods The experiments were designed in 60 Sprague–Dawley rats, ranging in weight from 250–300 g, randomly allotted into one of six groups ( n  = 10): saline control, Biosorb Energy Plus (BIO), hydrochloric acid (HCl), saline + MB treated, BIO + MB treated, and HCl + MB treated. Saline, BIO, and HCl were injected into the lungs in a volume of 2 mL/kg. After surgical procedure, MB was administered intraperitoneally for 7 days at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg per day. Seven days later, rats were killed, and both lungs in all groups were examined biochemically and histopathologically. Results Our findings show that MB inhibits the inflammatory response reducing significantly ( P  
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jss.2014.08.039
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Methods The experiments were designed in 60 Sprague–Dawley rats, ranging in weight from 250–300 g, randomly allotted into one of six groups ( n  = 10): saline control, Biosorb Energy Plus (BIO), hydrochloric acid (HCl), saline + MB treated, BIO + MB treated, and HCl + MB treated. Saline, BIO, and HCl were injected into the lungs in a volume of 2 mL/kg. After surgical procedure, MB was administered intraperitoneally for 7 days at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg per day. Seven days later, rats were killed, and both lungs in all groups were examined biochemically and histopathologically. Results Our findings show that MB inhibits the inflammatory response reducing significantly ( P  &lt; 0.05) peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar septal infiltration, alveolar edema, alveolar exudate, alveolar histiocytes, interstitial fibrosis, granuloma, and necrosis formation in different pulmonary aspiration models. Pulmonary aspiration significantly increased the tissue hydroxyproline content, malondialdehyde levels, and decreased ( P &lt;  0.05) the antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) activities. MB treatment significantly ( P &lt;  0.05) decreased the elevated tissue hydroxyproline content and malondialdehyde levels and prevented the inhibition of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase ( P &lt;  0.05) enzymes in the tissues. Furthermore, there is a significant reduction in the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, and arise in the expression of surfactant protein D in lung tissue of different pulmonary aspiration models with MB therapy. Conclusions MB treatment might be beneficial in lung injury and therefore shows potential for clinical use.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-4804</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-8673</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.08.039</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25260956</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Acute Lung Injury - etiology ; Acute Lung Injury - pathology ; Acute Lung Injury - prevention &amp; control ; Animals ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; iNOS ; Lung - pathology ; Methylene blue ; Methylene Blue - therapeutic use ; Pneumonia, Aspiration - complications ; Pneumonia, Aspiration - drug therapy ; Pneumonia, Aspiration - pathology ; Pulmonary aspiration ; Random Allocation ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Surfactant protein D ; Surgery ; TUNEL</subject><ispartof>The Journal of surgical research, 2015-02, Vol.193 (2), p.909-919</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2015 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-276c1bd51ee1588a145725d9957317a4a155bcd098f23276d70b7b75e8ce85403</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-276c1bd51ee1588a145725d9957317a4a155bcd098f23276d70b7b75e8ce85403</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25260956$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kanter, Mehmet, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sahin, Sevtap Hekimoglu, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Basaran, Umit Nusret, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayvaz, Suleyman, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aksu, Burhan, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erboga, Mustafa, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colak, Alkin, MD</creatorcontrib><title>The effect of methylene blue treatment on aspiration pneumonia</title><title>The Journal of surgical research</title><addtitle>J Surg Res</addtitle><description>Abstract Background The study aimed to examine whether methylene blue (MB) prevents different pulmonary aspiration materials-induced lung injury in rats. Methods The experiments were designed in 60 Sprague–Dawley rats, ranging in weight from 250–300 g, randomly allotted into one of six groups ( n  = 10): saline control, Biosorb Energy Plus (BIO), hydrochloric acid (HCl), saline + MB treated, BIO + MB treated, and HCl + MB treated. Saline, BIO, and HCl were injected into the lungs in a volume of 2 mL/kg. After surgical procedure, MB was administered intraperitoneally for 7 days at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg per day. Seven days later, rats were killed, and both lungs in all groups were examined biochemically and histopathologically. Results Our findings show that MB inhibits the inflammatory response reducing significantly ( P  &lt; 0.05) peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar septal infiltration, alveolar edema, alveolar exudate, alveolar histiocytes, interstitial fibrosis, granuloma, and necrosis formation in different pulmonary aspiration models. Pulmonary aspiration significantly increased the tissue hydroxyproline content, malondialdehyde levels, and decreased ( P &lt;  0.05) the antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) activities. MB treatment significantly ( P &lt;  0.05) decreased the elevated tissue hydroxyproline content and malondialdehyde levels and prevented the inhibition of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase ( P &lt;  0.05) enzymes in the tissues. Furthermore, there is a significant reduction in the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, and arise in the expression of surfactant protein D in lung tissue of different pulmonary aspiration models with MB therapy. Conclusions MB treatment might be beneficial in lung injury and therefore shows potential for clinical use.</description><subject>Acute Lung Injury - etiology</subject><subject>Acute Lung Injury - pathology</subject><subject>Acute Lung Injury - prevention &amp; control</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Drug Evaluation, Preclinical</subject><subject>Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>In Situ Nick-End Labeling</subject><subject>iNOS</subject><subject>Lung - pathology</subject><subject>Methylene blue</subject><subject>Methylene Blue - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Aspiration - complications</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Aspiration - drug therapy</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Aspiration - pathology</subject><subject>Pulmonary aspiration</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Surfactant protein D</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>TUNEL</subject><issn>0022-4804</issn><issn>1095-8673</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kcFO3DAQhq0KBAvlAXqpcuwlYcaJY0dISBVqAQmJA_RsOc5EOE2cxU6Q9u3r1dIeeuBkW_7-X5pvGPuCUCBgfTkUQ4wFB6wKUAWUzSe2QWhErmpZHrENAOd5paA6ZWcxDpDejSxP2CkXvE5cvWHXzy-UUd-TXbK5zyZaXnYjecracaVsCWSWiXz685mJWxfM4tJ162mdZu_MZ3bcmzHSxft5zn79_PF8c5c_PN7e33x_yG0Fasm5rC22nUAiFEoZrITkomsaIUuUpjIoRGs7aFTPywR3ElrZSkHKkhIVlOfs26F3G-bXleKiJxctjaPxNK9RY11KIUSNKqF4QG2YYwzU621wkwk7jaD32vSgkza916ZB6aQtZb6-16_tRN2_xF9PCbg6AJSGfHMUdLSOvKXOhaROd7P7sP76v7QdnXfWjL9pR3GY1-CTPY06cg36ab-3_dqwApCNkuUfIbiRAg</recordid><startdate>20150201</startdate><enddate>20150201</enddate><creator>Kanter, Mehmet, PhD</creator><creator>Sahin, Sevtap Hekimoglu, MD</creator><creator>Basaran, Umit Nusret, MD</creator><creator>Ayvaz, Suleyman, MD</creator><creator>Aksu, Burhan, MD</creator><creator>Erboga, Mustafa, PhD</creator><creator>Colak, Alkin, MD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150201</creationdate><title>The effect of methylene blue treatment on aspiration pneumonia</title><author>Kanter, Mehmet, PhD ; Sahin, Sevtap Hekimoglu, MD ; Basaran, Umit Nusret, MD ; Ayvaz, Suleyman, MD ; Aksu, Burhan, MD ; Erboga, Mustafa, PhD ; Colak, Alkin, MD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-276c1bd51ee1588a145725d9957317a4a155bcd098f23276d70b7b75e8ce85403</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Acute Lung Injury - etiology</topic><topic>Acute Lung Injury - pathology</topic><topic>Acute Lung Injury - prevention &amp; control</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Drug Evaluation, Preclinical</topic><topic>Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>In Situ Nick-End Labeling</topic><topic>iNOS</topic><topic>Lung - pathology</topic><topic>Methylene blue</topic><topic>Methylene Blue - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Aspiration - complications</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Aspiration - drug therapy</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Aspiration - pathology</topic><topic>Pulmonary aspiration</topic><topic>Random Allocation</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Surfactant protein D</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>TUNEL</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kanter, Mehmet, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sahin, Sevtap Hekimoglu, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Basaran, Umit Nusret, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayvaz, Suleyman, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aksu, Burhan, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erboga, Mustafa, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colak, Alkin, MD</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of surgical research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kanter, Mehmet, PhD</au><au>Sahin, Sevtap Hekimoglu, MD</au><au>Basaran, Umit Nusret, MD</au><au>Ayvaz, Suleyman, MD</au><au>Aksu, Burhan, MD</au><au>Erboga, Mustafa, PhD</au><au>Colak, Alkin, MD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The effect of methylene blue treatment on aspiration pneumonia</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of surgical research</jtitle><addtitle>J Surg Res</addtitle><date>2015-02-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>193</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>909</spage><epage>919</epage><pages>909-919</pages><issn>0022-4804</issn><eissn>1095-8673</eissn><abstract>Abstract Background The study aimed to examine whether methylene blue (MB) prevents different pulmonary aspiration materials-induced lung injury in rats. Methods The experiments were designed in 60 Sprague–Dawley rats, ranging in weight from 250–300 g, randomly allotted into one of six groups ( n  = 10): saline control, Biosorb Energy Plus (BIO), hydrochloric acid (HCl), saline + MB treated, BIO + MB treated, and HCl + MB treated. Saline, BIO, and HCl were injected into the lungs in a volume of 2 mL/kg. After surgical procedure, MB was administered intraperitoneally for 7 days at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg per day. Seven days later, rats were killed, and both lungs in all groups were examined biochemically and histopathologically. Results Our findings show that MB inhibits the inflammatory response reducing significantly ( P  &lt; 0.05) peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar septal infiltration, alveolar edema, alveolar exudate, alveolar histiocytes, interstitial fibrosis, granuloma, and necrosis formation in different pulmonary aspiration models. Pulmonary aspiration significantly increased the tissue hydroxyproline content, malondialdehyde levels, and decreased ( P &lt;  0.05) the antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) activities. MB treatment significantly ( P &lt;  0.05) decreased the elevated tissue hydroxyproline content and malondialdehyde levels and prevented the inhibition of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase ( P &lt;  0.05) enzymes in the tissues. Furthermore, there is a significant reduction in the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, and arise in the expression of surfactant protein D in lung tissue of different pulmonary aspiration models with MB therapy. Conclusions MB treatment might be beneficial in lung injury and therefore shows potential for clinical use.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>25260956</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jss.2014.08.039</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Acute Lung Injury - etiology
Acute Lung Injury - pathology
Acute Lung Injury - prevention & control
Animals
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use
Immunohistochemistry
In Situ Nick-End Labeling
iNOS
Lung - pathology
Methylene blue
Methylene Blue - therapeutic use
Pneumonia, Aspiration - complications
Pneumonia, Aspiration - drug therapy
Pneumonia, Aspiration - pathology
Pulmonary aspiration
Random Allocation
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Surfactant protein D
Surgery
TUNEL
title The effect of methylene blue treatment on aspiration pneumonia
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