Social Stress and the Reactivation of Latent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Psychological stress is thought to contribute to reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus (HSV). Although several animal models have been developed in an effort to reproduce different pathogenic aspects of HSV keratitis or labialis, until now, no good animal model existed in which application of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 1998-06, Vol.95 (12), p.7231-7235
Main Authors: Padgett, David A., Sheridan, John F., Dorne, Julianne, Berntson, Gary G., Candelora, Jessica, Glaser, Ronald
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Animals
Behavior
Corticosterone
Disease Models, Animal
Herpes Simplex - physiopathology
Herpes viruses
Herpesvirus 1, Human - physiology
Human herpesvirus 1
Humans
Infections
Irradiation
Mice
Psychological stress
Simplexvirus
Social interaction
Social psychology
Social Sciences
Stress
Stress, Psychological - physiopathology
Stress, Psychological - virology
Virus Activation - physiology
Virus Latency
Viruses
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Summary:Psychological stress is thought to contribute to reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus (HSV). Although several animal models have been developed in an effort to reproduce different pathogenic aspects of HSV keratitis or labialis, until now, no good animal model existed in which application of a psychological laboratory stressor results in reliable reactivation of the virus. Reported herein, disruption of the social hierarchy within colonies of mice increased aggression among cohorts, activated the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and caused reactivation of latent HSV type 1 in greater than 40% of latently infected animals. However, activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis using restraint stress did not activate the latent virus. Thus, the use of social stress in mice provides a good model in which to investigate the neuroendocrine mechanisms that underlie behaviorally mediated reactivation of latent herpes-viruses.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.95.12.7231