Assessment of water ecological carrying capacity under the two policies in Tieling City on the basis of the integrated system dynamics model

• Published in: The Science of the total environment 2014-02, Vol.472, p.1070-1081
• Main Authors: Wang, Shuo, Xu, Ling, Yang, Fenglin, Wang, He
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Carrying capacity; Cities; Conservation of Natural Resources - methods; Ecosystem; Environmental Monitoring - methods; Environmental Policy; Environmental tax; Exact sciences and technology; Global environmental pollution; LULC; Models, Theoretical; Pollution; System dynamics; Tieling City; Water resource; Water Resources; Water Supply; Water treatment and pollution
• ISSN: 0048-9697; 1879-1026
• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.115

Considering the limitation of the traditional method to assess the ecological carrying capacity and the complexity of the water ecological system, we used system dynamics, ANN, and CA–Markov to model a water ecological system. The social component was modeled according to Granger causality test by system dynamics. The natural component consists of the water resource and water environmental capacity, which were forecasted through the prediction of precipitation and change in land use cover. The interaction of the social component and the natural component mainly reflected environmental policies, such as the imposition of an environmental fee and environmental tax based on their values. Simulation results showed the different assessments on water ecological carrying capacity under the two policies. The population grew (2.9million), and less pollution (86,632.37t COD and 2854.5t NH4N) was observed with the imposition of environmental tax compared with the imposition of an environmental fee (2.85million population, 10,8381t COD and 3543t NH4N) at the same GDP level of 585billionCNY in 2030. According to the causality loop, we discussed the different states under the policies and the reasons that caused the differences in water ecological carrying capacity state. According to game theory, we explained the limitation of the environmental fee policy on the basis of marginal benefit and cost. The externality was cleared up by the environmental tax policy. [Display omitted] •Human activities are the producers and pushers of social development in the optimistic aspect.•Social resource was considered into the model.•The new model assessed the available policies (such as penalty and tax).•Econometrics method is used to correct the qualitative phase in building a system dynamic model.