Organic ionic salt draw solutions for osmotic membrane bioreactors

► Organic ionic salt solutions were investigated as draw solutions for osmotic MBRs. ► Specific salt fluxes were up to six times lower than commonly used inorganic salts. ► Organic anions are degraded in the bioreactor and available for nutrient removal. ► A method was found for determining the diff...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioresource technology 2012-10, Vol.122, p.207-216
Main Authors: Bowden, Katie S., Achilli, Andrea, Childress, Amy E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anions
biodegradation
Biodegradation, Environmental
Bioreactors
Bioreactors - economics
Carbon
Denitrification
Diffusion
Diffusion coefficient
diffusivity
Electric Conductivity
Flux
Fluxes
Forward osmosis
Ions
laboratory techniques
magnesium chloride
Membrane bioreactor
Membranes
Membranes, Artificial
Organic Chemicals - chemistry
organic salts
Osmosis
Pressure
Replenishment
Reverse salt flux
Salt solutions
Salts - chemistry
screening
sodium chloride
Solutions
Water - chemistry
Water Purification - economics
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Summary:► Organic ionic salt solutions were investigated as draw solutions for osmotic MBRs. ► Specific salt fluxes were up to six times lower than commonly used inorganic salts. ► Organic anions are degraded in the bioreactor and available for nutrient removal. ► A method was found for determining the diffusion coefficient of ionic salt solutions. This investigation evaluates the use of organic ionic salt solutions as draw solutions for specific use in osmotic membrane bioreactors. Also, this investigation presents a simple method for determining the diffusion coefficient of ionic salt solutions using only a characterized membrane. A selection of organic ionic draw solutions underwent a desktop screening process before being tested in the laboratory and evaluated for performance using specific salt flux (reverse salt flux per unit water flux), biodegradation potential, and replenishment cost. Two of the salts were found to have specific salt fluxes three to six times lower than two commonly used inorganic draw solutions, NaCl and MgCl2. All of the salts tested have organic anions with the potential to degrade in the bioreactor as a carbon source and aid in nutrient removal. Results demonstrate the potential benefits of organic ionic salt draw solutions over currently implemented inorganics in osmotic membrane bioreactor systems.
ISSN:0960-8524
1873-2976
DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.026