Solubility and surface thermodynamics of conducting polymers by inverse gas chromatography. III: Polypyrrole chloride

• Published in: Journal of Chromatography A 2013-05, Vol.1291, p.137-145
• Main Authors: Duaij, Omar K., Alghamdi, Ali, Al-Saigh, Zeki Y.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetates; alkanes; Analytical chemistry; Applied sciences; Chemistry; Chlorides; Chlorination; chloroform; Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography; evaporation; Exact sciences and technology; Gas chromatographic methods; gas chromatography; Inverse gas chromatography; methylene chloride; mixing; Molar heat of evaporation; Molar heat of mixing; Molar heat of sorption; Organic polymers; Physicochemistry of polymers; polymers; Polypyrroles; PPyCl solubility parameter; Properties and characterization; solubility; Solubility parameters; Solvent solubility parameters; Solvents; sorption; Surface properties; tetrahydrofuran; Thermodynamic properties; Thermodynamics; toluene
• ISSN: 0021-9673
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.03.065

•IGC method was applied to non-soluble conducting polypyrrole chloride system.•Retention diagrams revealed the change in the morphology of conducting PPyCl.•The strength of the interaction of 25 solvents with PPyCl was measured.•Thermodynamics parameters (χ12, Ω1∞, ΔH1s, ΔH1∞, ΔH1v) were obtained and compared with others.•The solvent and polymer solubility parameters revealed the immiscibility of PPyCl. Inverse gas chromatography, IGC, was applied to characterize conducting polypyrrole chloride (PPyCl) using twenty three solvents. IGC is able to reveal the change in the morphology, the strength of solvent–PPyCl interactions, thermodynamics parameters (χ12, Ω1∞), solvent and polymer solubility parameters, and molar heats of sorption, mixing and evaporation (ΔH1s, ΔH1∞, ΔH1v). The following solvents showed stronger interactions than others; yet, none of these solvents are good solvents for PPyCl: dodecane among the alkane family, tetrahydrofuran and methyl ethyl ketone among the oxy and keto group, dichloromethane among the chlorinated group up to 120°C and chloroform at 180°C, and toluene among the cyclic and aromatic group. Overall, the groups showed higher affinities to PPyCl are: acetates, oxy and cyclic, and chlorinated groups. Comprehensive solvents and PPyCl solubility parameters are obtained. The latter showed that PPyCl is not soluble in any solvent used.