Preparation, thermal stability and biocompatibility studies of gelatin-induced hydroxyapatite co-substituted with essential physiological trace elements

• Published in: Chinese science bulletin 2014-03, Vol.59 (7), p.606-615
• Main Authors: Ma, Ming, Zhang, Bing, Lu, Weipeng, Liu, Junli, Guo, Yanchuan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: biocompatibility; Biomedical materials; Chemistry/Food Science; coatings; crystals; Earth Sciences; Engineering; fluorine; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; gelatin; Humanities and Social Sciences; Hydroxyapatite; In vitro testing; ions; Life Sciences; magnesium; multidisciplinary; Phase transformations; phase transition; Physics; powders; prostheses; Scanning electron microscopy; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); sodium; surface area; Surgical implants; thermal stability; thermogravimetry; Trace elements; Transmission electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; 制备; 微量元素; 明胶; 热稳定性; 生物相容性; 生理; 羟基磷灰石; 诱导
• ISSN: 1001-6538; 1861-9541
• DOI: 10.1007/s11434-013-0091-7

Gelatin-induced hydroxyapatite with combined substitution of essential physiological trace elements （G-FAP） was prepared by a precipitation method. Pure hydroxyapatite （HAP） and ion-substituted hydroxyapatite （FAP） were also prepared for comparison. The character- istics of the precipitated powders were determined using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, specific surface area measurement （SSA）, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy （XRF）, and thermogravimetric （TG） analysis. The bio- compatibility was also determined by an in vitro investi- gation with MC3T3-E1 cells. SEM and TEM results showed that the G-FAP powders were composed of dense aggregates of agglomerated whisker-like crystals of 200-300 nm in length and 10-20 nm in width. XRD and FT-IR analyses indicated the formation of pure apatite phase, and the substituted ions and gelatin did not change the diffraction pattern of the precipitated powders. The SSAs of the precipitated powder were 64.741, 72.492, and 107.745 m2/g, for HAP, FAP, and G-FAP, respectively. XRF analysis showed that Na＋, Mg2＋, and F- weresubstituted into the crystal lattice. TG results showed a reduced thermal stability of the precipitated G-FAP pow- ders, with an advanced phase transformation beginning at 800 ℃ and a serious phase transformation from hexagonal apatite phase to rhombohedral β-TCP phase at 1,200 ℃ in comparison with HAP and FAP. In vitro biological tests showed non-cytotoxic effects for all powders. However, G-FAP stimulated the proliferation of MC3T3-EI cells earlier than HAP and FAP. The present G-FAP will therefore be a promising primary biomaterial for bone regeneration, tooth filling, or as a coating for metal artifi- cial limbs.