Protection of MP-12—Vaccinated Rhesus Macaques Against Parenteral and Aerosol Challenge With Virulent Rift Valley Fever Virus

To test safety and efficacy of the Rift Valley fever MP-12 (RVF MP-12) vaccine, 9 healthy adult Rhesus macaques, weighing 5-10 kg, were inoculated intramuscularly with 6 X 10³ plaque forming units (PFUs) of MP-12 vaccine. The monkeys developed neutralizing antibody responses with no adverse effects...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2011-07, Vol.204 (2), p.229-236
Main Authors: Morrill, John C., Peters, C. J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosols
Animals
Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Applied microbiology
Biological and medical sciences
Fever
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Infectious diseases
Injections, Intramuscular
Injections, Intravenous
Inoculation
Macaca mulatta
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Miscellaneous
Neutralizing antibodies
Plaque assay
Rift Valley Fever - prevention & control
Rift Valley fever virus
Rift Valley fever virus - immunology
Rift valleys
Vaccination
Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies (general aspects)
Vaccines, Attenuated - administration & dosage
Vaccines, Attenuated - adverse effects
Vaccines, Attenuated - immunology
Viral Vaccines - administration & dosage
Viral Vaccines - adverse effects
Viral Vaccines - immunology
Viremia
Virology
Viruses
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Summary:To test safety and efficacy of the Rift Valley fever MP-12 (RVF MP-12) vaccine, 9 healthy adult Rhesus macaques, weighing 5-10 kg, were inoculated intramuscularly with 6 X 10³ plaque forming units (PFUs) of MP-12 vaccine. The monkeys developed neutralizing antibody responses with no adverse effects other than a transient, low-titer viremia in 3 monkeys. Four vaccinated animals challenged intravenously with 3 X 10⁶ PFUs of virulent Rift Valley fever virus strain ZH-501 (RVFV ZH-501) at 126 days after vaccination were protected against infection. The remaining 5 vaccinated monkeys along with 2 monkeys that had been vaccinated 6 years prior were completely protected against a small particle aerosol challenge of 5 X 10² PFUs of RVFV ZH-501. The mutagen-attenuated RVF MP-12 vaccine was determined to be protective against intravenous and aerosol challenge with virulent RVFV in these macaques, which suggests further development as a vaccine for humans is warranted.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jir249