Generation of oxyradicals (o sub(2) and H sub(2)O sub(2)), mitochondrial activity and induction of apoptosis of PBMC of Cyprinus carpio carpio treated in vivo with halomethanes and with recombinant HSP60 kDa and with LPS of Klebsiella pneumoniae

• Published in: Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology 2014-10, Vol.36 (5), p.329-340
• Main Authors: Uraga-Tovar, D Italibi, Dominguez-Lopez, M Lilia, Madera-Sandoval, Ruth L, Najera-Martinez, Minerva, Garcia-Latorre, Ethel, Vega-Lopez, Armando
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cyprinus carpio carpio; Klebsiella pneumoniae
• ISSN: 0892-3973
• DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2014.947034

Halomethanes (HM) can be immunotoxic in mammals; however, in the fish immune system HM effects are unknown. In the current study, we evaluated the mitochondrial activity (MA) by MTT, induction of apoptosis by SubG0 technique and quantified serum ROS concentration (O* sub(2) and H sub(2)O sub(2)) and ROS production in PBMC of Cyprinus carpio carpio treated i.p. with CH sub(2)Cl sub(2), CHCl sub(3) and BrCHCl sub(2) (0.004-40.0 mg/kg) for 96 h. Positive controls were recombinant heat shock protein of 60 kDa (rHSP60 kDa) of Klebsiella pneumoniae and its LPS. In addition, farm vitro PBMC cultures, two culture media and two sources of sera were tested. Both positive controls increased the MA more than 4-fold as well as the production of O* sub(2) (26-fold) and H sub(2)O sub(2) (5-fold) compared to their controls. HM induced different effects on MA, ROS production and an induction of apoptosis, depending on the chlorination patterns and the dose; however, a systemic damage prevails. To fish treated with CH sub(2)Cl sub(2), the apoptosis was related with serum ROS concentration and with MA. In contrast, in fish dosed with CHCl sub(3) relationships were not found, deducing a systemic damage. However, in fish treated with BrCHCl sub(2), serum O* sub(2) concentration and in vitro ROS generation performed by PBMC were involved in the induction of apoptosis of these cells but not with MA suggesting also immunotoxic effects. The current study demonstrated that HMs are immunomodulators increasing an acute inflammatory response and that rHSP60kDA of K. pneumoniae and its LPS are appropriate antigens to assess the immune response of C. c. carpio.