Loading…
Background concentrations and reference values for heavy metals in soils of Cuba
The potential threat of heavy metals to human health has led to many studies on permissible levels of these elements in soils. The objective of this study was to establish quality reference values (QRVs) for Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Fe, Mn, As, Hg, V, Ba, Sb, Ag, Co, and Mo in soils of Cuba. Geochemi...
Saved in:
Published in: | Environmental monitoring and assessment 2015-01, Vol.187 (1), p.4198-4198, Article 4198 |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-fd52cbed3d749883d4c6f544bdce49978da997dbd8bdabfb8a7cdae0cf76d3f93 |
---|---|
cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-fd52cbed3d749883d4c6f544bdce49978da997dbd8bdabfb8a7cdae0cf76d3f93 |
container_end_page | 4198 |
container_issue | 1 |
container_start_page | 4198 |
container_title | Environmental monitoring and assessment |
container_volume | 187 |
creator | Alfaro, Mirelys Rodríguez Montero, Alfredo Ugarte, Olegario Muñiz do Nascimento, Clístenes Williams Araújo de Aguiar Accioly, Adriana Maria Biondi, Caroline Miranda da Silva, Ygor Jacques Agra Bezerra |
description | The potential threat of heavy metals to human health has led to many studies on permissible levels of these elements in soils. The objective of this study was to establish quality reference values (QRVs) for Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Fe, Mn, As, Hg, V, Ba, Sb, Ag, Co, and Mo in soils of Cuba. Geochemical associations between trace elements and Fe were also studied, aiming to provide an index for establishing background concentrations of metals in soils. Surface samples of 33 soil profiles from areas of native forest or minimal anthropic influence were collected. Samples were digested (USEPA method 3051A), and the metals were determined by ICP-OES. The natural concentrations of metals in soils of Cuba followed the order Fe > Mn > Ni > Cr > Ba > V > Zn > Cu > Pb > Co > As > Sb > Ag > Cd > Mo > Hg. The QRVs found for Cuban soils were as follows (mg kg
−1
): Ag (1), Ba (111), Cd (0.6), Co (25), Cr (153), Cu (83), Fe (54,055), Mn (1947), Ni (170), Pb (50), Sb (6), V (137), Zn (86), Mo (0.1), As (19), and Hg (0.1). The average natural levels of heavy metals are above the global average, especially for Ni and Cr. The chemical fractionation of soil samples presenting anomalous concentrations of metals showed that Cu, Ni, Cr, Sb, and As have low bioavailability. This suggests that the risk of contamination of agricultural products via plant uptake is low. However, the final decision on the establishment of soil QRVs in Cuba depends on political, economic, and social issues and in-depth risk analyses considering all routes of exposure to these elements. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10661-014-4198-3 |
format | article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1647019891</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1647019891</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-fd52cbed3d749883d4c6f544bdce49978da997dbd8bdabfb8a7cdae0cf76d3f93</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkUtPAyEUhYnR2Fr9AW4MiRs3ozAwMCy18ZU00YWuCcOjTp0OFWaa9N9LM9UYExM3QA7fPVzuAeAUo0uMEL-KGDGGM4RpRrEoM7IHxrjgJMtFIfbBGGHGM0aYGIGjGBcIIcGpOASjvChQqkBj8Hyj9Ps8-L41UPtW27YLqqt9G6FKUrDOBptkuFZNbyN0PsA3q9YbuLSdaiKsWxh9nQ7ewWlfqWNw4JJuT3b7BLze3b5MH7LZ0_3j9HqW6YIWXeZMkevKGmJSR2VJDNXMFZRWRlsqBC-NSqupTFkZVbmqVFwbZZF2nBniBJmAi8F3FfxH6qyTyzpq2zSqtb6PEjPKURqKwP9ACRciL3GZ0PNf6ML3oU0f2RoKhtBgiAdKBx9jmpFchXqpwkZiJLfJyCEZmZKR22QkSTVnO-e-WlrzXfEVRQLyAYjpqp3b8OPpP10_ARlimXM</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1649600891</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Background concentrations and reference values for heavy metals in soils of Cuba</title><source>ABI/INFORM global</source><source>Springer Link</source><creator>Alfaro, Mirelys Rodríguez ; Montero, Alfredo ; Ugarte, Olegario Muñiz ; do Nascimento, Clístenes Williams Araújo ; de Aguiar Accioly, Adriana Maria ; Biondi, Caroline Miranda ; da Silva, Ygor Jacques Agra Bezerra</creator><creatorcontrib>Alfaro, Mirelys Rodríguez ; Montero, Alfredo ; Ugarte, Olegario Muñiz ; do Nascimento, Clístenes Williams Araújo ; de Aguiar Accioly, Adriana Maria ; Biondi, Caroline Miranda ; da Silva, Ygor Jacques Agra Bezerra</creatorcontrib><description>The potential threat of heavy metals to human health has led to many studies on permissible levels of these elements in soils. The objective of this study was to establish quality reference values (QRVs) for Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Fe, Mn, As, Hg, V, Ba, Sb, Ag, Co, and Mo in soils of Cuba. Geochemical associations between trace elements and Fe were also studied, aiming to provide an index for establishing background concentrations of metals in soils. Surface samples of 33 soil profiles from areas of native forest or minimal anthropic influence were collected. Samples were digested (USEPA method 3051A), and the metals were determined by ICP-OES. The natural concentrations of metals in soils of Cuba followed the order Fe > Mn > Ni > Cr > Ba > V > Zn > Cu > Pb > Co > As > Sb > Ag > Cd > Mo > Hg. The QRVs found for Cuban soils were as follows (mg kg
−1
): Ag (1), Ba (111), Cd (0.6), Co (25), Cr (153), Cu (83), Fe (54,055), Mn (1947), Ni (170), Pb (50), Sb (6), V (137), Zn (86), Mo (0.1), As (19), and Hg (0.1). The average natural levels of heavy metals are above the global average, especially for Ni and Cr. The chemical fractionation of soil samples presenting anomalous concentrations of metals showed that Cu, Ni, Cr, Sb, and As have low bioavailability. This suggests that the risk of contamination of agricultural products via plant uptake is low. However, the final decision on the establishment of soil QRVs in Cuba depends on political, economic, and social issues and in-depth risk analyses considering all routes of exposure to these elements.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-6369</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2959</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10661-014-4198-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25504190</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Agricultural pollution ; Agricultural products ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Bioavailability ; Cadmium ; Chromium ; Copper ; Cuba ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecology ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Environmental Monitoring ; Fractionation ; Heavy metals ; Lead ; Legislation ; Manganese ; Mercury ; Metal concentrations ; Metals ; Metals, Heavy - analysis ; Metals, Heavy - standards ; Monitoring/Environmental Analysis ; Reference Values ; Soil - chemistry ; Soil contamination ; Soil Pollutants - analysis ; Soil Pollutants - standards ; Soil pollution ; Soil profiles ; Soils ; Stainless steel ; Trace elements ; Trace elements (nutrients) ; Trace Elements - analysis ; Trace Elements - standards ; Zinc</subject><ispartof>Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2015-01, Vol.187 (1), p.4198-4198, Article 4198</ispartof><rights>Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014</rights><rights>Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-fd52cbed3d749883d4c6f544bdce49978da997dbd8bdabfb8a7cdae0cf76d3f93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-fd52cbed3d749883d4c6f544bdce49978da997dbd8bdabfb8a7cdae0cf76d3f93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1649600891/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1649600891?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,11688,27924,27925,36060,36061,44363,74895</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25504190$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Alfaro, Mirelys Rodríguez</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Montero, Alfredo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ugarte, Olegario Muñiz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>do Nascimento, Clístenes Williams Araújo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Aguiar Accioly, Adriana Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biondi, Caroline Miranda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Silva, Ygor Jacques Agra Bezerra</creatorcontrib><title>Background concentrations and reference values for heavy metals in soils of Cuba</title><title>Environmental monitoring and assessment</title><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><description>The potential threat of heavy metals to human health has led to many studies on permissible levels of these elements in soils. The objective of this study was to establish quality reference values (QRVs) for Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Fe, Mn, As, Hg, V, Ba, Sb, Ag, Co, and Mo in soils of Cuba. Geochemical associations between trace elements and Fe were also studied, aiming to provide an index for establishing background concentrations of metals in soils. Surface samples of 33 soil profiles from areas of native forest or minimal anthropic influence were collected. Samples were digested (USEPA method 3051A), and the metals were determined by ICP-OES. The natural concentrations of metals in soils of Cuba followed the order Fe > Mn > Ni > Cr > Ba > V > Zn > Cu > Pb > Co > As > Sb > Ag > Cd > Mo > Hg. The QRVs found for Cuban soils were as follows (mg kg
−1
): Ag (1), Ba (111), Cd (0.6), Co (25), Cr (153), Cu (83), Fe (54,055), Mn (1947), Ni (170), Pb (50), Sb (6), V (137), Zn (86), Mo (0.1), As (19), and Hg (0.1). The average natural levels of heavy metals are above the global average, especially for Ni and Cr. The chemical fractionation of soil samples presenting anomalous concentrations of metals showed that Cu, Ni, Cr, Sb, and As have low bioavailability. This suggests that the risk of contamination of agricultural products via plant uptake is low. However, the final decision on the establishment of soil QRVs in Cuba depends on political, economic, and social issues and in-depth risk analyses considering all routes of exposure to these elements.</description><subject>Agricultural pollution</subject><subject>Agricultural products</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Bioavailability</subject><subject>Cadmium</subject><subject>Chromium</subject><subject>Copper</subject><subject>Cuba</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Management</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Fractionation</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Lead</subject><subject>Legislation</subject><subject>Manganese</subject><subject>Mercury</subject><subject>Metal concentrations</subject><subject>Metals</subject><subject>Metals, Heavy - analysis</subject><subject>Metals, Heavy - standards</subject><subject>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Soil - chemistry</subject><subject>Soil contamination</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants - standards</subject><subject>Soil pollution</subject><subject>Soil profiles</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Stainless steel</subject><subject>Trace elements</subject><subject>Trace elements (nutrients)</subject><subject>Trace Elements - analysis</subject><subject>Trace Elements - standards</subject><subject>Zinc</subject><issn>0167-6369</issn><issn>1573-2959</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>M0C</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUtPAyEUhYnR2Fr9AW4MiRs3ozAwMCy18ZU00YWuCcOjTp0OFWaa9N9LM9UYExM3QA7fPVzuAeAUo0uMEL-KGDGGM4RpRrEoM7IHxrjgJMtFIfbBGGHGM0aYGIGjGBcIIcGpOASjvChQqkBj8Hyj9Ps8-L41UPtW27YLqqt9G6FKUrDOBptkuFZNbyN0PsA3q9YbuLSdaiKsWxh9nQ7ewWlfqWNw4JJuT3b7BLze3b5MH7LZ0_3j9HqW6YIWXeZMkevKGmJSR2VJDNXMFZRWRlsqBC-NSqupTFkZVbmqVFwbZZF2nBniBJmAi8F3FfxH6qyTyzpq2zSqtb6PEjPKURqKwP9ACRciL3GZ0PNf6ML3oU0f2RoKhtBgiAdKBx9jmpFchXqpwkZiJLfJyCEZmZKR22QkSTVnO-e-WlrzXfEVRQLyAYjpqp3b8OPpP10_ARlimXM</recordid><startdate>20150101</startdate><enddate>20150101</enddate><creator>Alfaro, Mirelys Rodríguez</creator><creator>Montero, Alfredo</creator><creator>Ugarte, Olegario Muñiz</creator><creator>do Nascimento, Clístenes Williams Araújo</creator><creator>de Aguiar Accioly, Adriana Maria</creator><creator>Biondi, Caroline Miranda</creator><creator>da Silva, Ygor Jacques Agra Bezerra</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150101</creationdate><title>Background concentrations and reference values for heavy metals in soils of Cuba</title><author>Alfaro, Mirelys Rodríguez ; Montero, Alfredo ; Ugarte, Olegario Muñiz ; do Nascimento, Clístenes Williams Araújo ; de Aguiar Accioly, Adriana Maria ; Biondi, Caroline Miranda ; da Silva, Ygor Jacques Agra Bezerra</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-fd52cbed3d749883d4c6f544bdce49978da997dbd8bdabfb8a7cdae0cf76d3f93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Agricultural pollution</topic><topic>Agricultural products</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Bioavailability</topic><topic>Cadmium</topic><topic>Chromium</topic><topic>Copper</topic><topic>Cuba</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Management</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Fractionation</topic><topic>Heavy metals</topic><topic>Lead</topic><topic>Legislation</topic><topic>Manganese</topic><topic>Mercury</topic><topic>Metal concentrations</topic><topic>Metals</topic><topic>Metals, Heavy - analysis</topic><topic>Metals, Heavy - standards</topic><topic>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</topic><topic>Reference Values</topic><topic>Soil - chemistry</topic><topic>Soil contamination</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - standards</topic><topic>Soil pollution</topic><topic>Soil profiles</topic><topic>Soils</topic><topic>Stainless steel</topic><topic>Trace elements</topic><topic>Trace elements (nutrients)</topic><topic>Trace Elements - analysis</topic><topic>Trace Elements - standards</topic><topic>Zinc</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Alfaro, Mirelys Rodríguez</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Montero, Alfredo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ugarte, Olegario Muñiz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>do Nascimento, Clístenes Williams Araújo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Aguiar Accioly, Adriana Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biondi, Caroline Miranda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Silva, Ygor Jacques Agra Bezerra</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database (Proquest)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM global</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest Science Journals</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>One Business (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><jtitle>Environmental monitoring and assessment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alfaro, Mirelys Rodríguez</au><au>Montero, Alfredo</au><au>Ugarte, Olegario Muñiz</au><au>do Nascimento, Clístenes Williams Araújo</au><au>de Aguiar Accioly, Adriana Maria</au><au>Biondi, Caroline Miranda</au><au>da Silva, Ygor Jacques Agra Bezerra</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Background concentrations and reference values for heavy metals in soils of Cuba</atitle><jtitle>Environmental monitoring and assessment</jtitle><stitle>Environ Monit Assess</stitle><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><date>2015-01-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>187</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>4198</spage><epage>4198</epage><pages>4198-4198</pages><artnum>4198</artnum><issn>0167-6369</issn><eissn>1573-2959</eissn><abstract>The potential threat of heavy metals to human health has led to many studies on permissible levels of these elements in soils. The objective of this study was to establish quality reference values (QRVs) for Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Fe, Mn, As, Hg, V, Ba, Sb, Ag, Co, and Mo in soils of Cuba. Geochemical associations between trace elements and Fe were also studied, aiming to provide an index for establishing background concentrations of metals in soils. Surface samples of 33 soil profiles from areas of native forest or minimal anthropic influence were collected. Samples were digested (USEPA method 3051A), and the metals were determined by ICP-OES. The natural concentrations of metals in soils of Cuba followed the order Fe > Mn > Ni > Cr > Ba > V > Zn > Cu > Pb > Co > As > Sb > Ag > Cd > Mo > Hg. The QRVs found for Cuban soils were as follows (mg kg
−1
): Ag (1), Ba (111), Cd (0.6), Co (25), Cr (153), Cu (83), Fe (54,055), Mn (1947), Ni (170), Pb (50), Sb (6), V (137), Zn (86), Mo (0.1), As (19), and Hg (0.1). The average natural levels of heavy metals are above the global average, especially for Ni and Cr. The chemical fractionation of soil samples presenting anomalous concentrations of metals showed that Cu, Ni, Cr, Sb, and As have low bioavailability. This suggests that the risk of contamination of agricultural products via plant uptake is low. However, the final decision on the establishment of soil QRVs in Cuba depends on political, economic, and social issues and in-depth risk analyses considering all routes of exposure to these elements.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>25504190</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10661-014-4198-3</doi><tpages>1</tpages></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0167-6369 |
ispartof | Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2015-01, Vol.187 (1), p.4198-4198, Article 4198 |
issn | 0167-6369 1573-2959 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1647019891 |
source | ABI/INFORM global; Springer Link |
subjects | Agricultural pollution Agricultural products Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Bioavailability Cadmium Chromium Copper Cuba Earth and Environmental Science Ecology Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Management Environmental Monitoring Fractionation Heavy metals Lead Legislation Manganese Mercury Metal concentrations Metals Metals, Heavy - analysis Metals, Heavy - standards Monitoring/Environmental Analysis Reference Values Soil - chemistry Soil contamination Soil Pollutants - analysis Soil Pollutants - standards Soil pollution Soil profiles Soils Stainless steel Trace elements Trace elements (nutrients) Trace Elements - analysis Trace Elements - standards Zinc |
title | Background concentrations and reference values for heavy metals in soils of Cuba |
url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-24T15%3A13%3A06IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Background%20concentrations%20and%20reference%20values%20for%20heavy%20metals%20in%20soils%20of%20Cuba&rft.jtitle=Environmental%20monitoring%20and%20assessment&rft.au=Alfaro,%20Mirelys%20Rodr%C3%ADguez&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=4198&rft.epage=4198&rft.pages=4198-4198&rft.artnum=4198&rft.issn=0167-6369&rft.eissn=1573-2959&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s10661-014-4198-3&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1647019891%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-fd52cbed3d749883d4c6f544bdce49978da997dbd8bdabfb8a7cdae0cf76d3f93%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1649600891&rft_id=info:pmid/25504190&rfr_iscdi=true |