A review: Using nanoparticles to enhance absorption and bioavailability of phenolic phytochemicals

Phenolic phytochemicals have been of particular interests in food and pharmaceutical fields because they have potential to reduce the incidences of coronary heart disease, diabetes, cancers, and other chronic diseases. However, extremely low absorption rate of phenolic phytochemicals restricts their...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food hydrocolloids 2015-01, Vol.43, p.153-164
Main Authors: Li, Zheng, Jiang, Hong, Xu, Changmou, Gu, Liwei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorption
Bioavailability
Biocompatibility
Delivery systems
Diseases
Endocytosis
Foods
Heart diseases
Nanoparticles
Pharmaceuticals
Phenolic phytochemicals
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Summary:Phenolic phytochemicals have been of particular interests in food and pharmaceutical fields because they have potential to reduce the incidences of coronary heart disease, diabetes, cancers, and other chronic diseases. However, extremely low absorption rate of phenolic phytochemicals restricts their bioactivity in vivo. Such low absorption and bioavailability are due to their low water solubility, poor stability, passive diffusion, and active efflux in the gastrointestinal tract. Nanoparticle delivery system has been widely applied in pharmaceutical field to enhance absorption of bioactive compounds. This review explains absorption barriers of phenolic phytochemicals in the gastrointestinal tract. Nanoparticles delivery systems are emphasized regarding fabrication methods and their potential benefits on phenolic phytochemical absorption. Particularly, absorption mechanisms of nanoparticles by epithelial cells and biodistribution of nanoparticles after absorption are mainly discussed. Moreover, the potential challenges of nanoparticles as delivery system for phenolic phytochemicals in the gastrointestinal tract are also discussed. [Display omitted] •Phenolics possess health benefits. Low absorption rate limits their bioactivity.•Low solubility and stability, passive diffusion, and efflux lead to low absorption.•Nano-encapsulation improves solubility, GI stability, and absorption of phenolics.•GI tract and mucus layer impact efficacy of nanoparticle delivery system.
ISSN:0268-005X
1873-7137
DOI:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.05.010