Land use changes, landscape ecology and their socioeconomic driving forces in the Spanish Mediterranean coast (El Maresme County, 1850–2005)

• Published in: Environmental science & policy 2012-11, Vol.23, p.120-132
• Main Authors: Parcerisas, Lluís, Marull, Joan, Pino, Joan, Tello, Enric, Coll, Francesc, Basnou, Corina
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural areas; Coastal; coastal plains; coasts; Ecological connectivity; Ecology; environmental degradation; environmental impact; Highways; issues and policy; land cover; Land use; Land-use change; Landscape; landscape ecology; Landscapes; Mediterranean landscapes; Policies; politics; Redundancy; reforestation; Residential areas; Slopes; Socioeconomic drivers; Socioeconomic status; Spain; Statistical redundancy analysis (RDA); Urban sprawl; urbanization
• ISSN: 1462-9011; 1873-6416
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2012.08.002

► We study landscape evolution by means of land-use changes and landscape metrics. ► We assess the environmental impacts by using ecological connectivity indices. ► We carry out a statistical analysis of redundancy to identify the main driving forces behind these changes. ► There has been a dramatic environmental deterioration from 1950 to 2005. ► Urban sprawl and agricultural abandonment are the main cause of landscape degradation. A set of landscape metrics is used to study the long-term environmental transformation of a typical coastal Mediterranean area from 1850 to 2005. Our figures show a dramatic environmental deterioration between 1950 and 2005. The main proximate drivers of this landscape degradation are the effects of urban sprawl on former agricultural areas located in the coastal plains, together with the abandonment and reforestation of hilly slopes intercepted by low-density residential areas, highways, and other linear infrastructures. Then, a statistical redundancy analysis (RDA) is carried out to identify certain ultimate socioeconomic and political drivers of these environmental impacts. The results confirm, from a quantitative perspective, our main hypothesis that some ultimate geographical endowments and socioeconomic or political drivers have determined land cover changes which, in turn, have altered both structural and functional landscape properties.