Diagnostic and clinical significance of Crohn's disease-specific anti-MZGP2 pancreatic antibodies by a novel ELISA

• Published in: Clinica chimica acta 2015-02, Vol.441, p.176-181
• Main Authors: Pavlidis, Polychronis, Shums, Zakera, Koutsoumpas, Andreas L., Milo, Jay, Papp, Maria, Umemura, Takeji, Lakatos, Peter L., Smyk, Daniel S., Bogdanos, Dimitrios P., Forbes, Alastair, Norman, Gary L.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Autoantibodies - immunology; Autoantibody; Bowel disease; Colitis, Ulcerative - diagnosis; Colitis, Ulcerative - immunology; Crohn Disease - diagnosis; Crohn Disease - immunology; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods; Female; GPI-Linked Proteins - immunology; Humans; Male; Marker; Middle Aged; Pancreas - immunology; Sensitivity; Specificity
• ISSN: 0009-8981; 1873-3492
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.12.010

We developed a new IgA and IgG anti-MZGP2 antibody ELISAs based on recombinant isoform-4 of human zymogen granule protein-2 (GP2), which is the major autoantigen of Crohn's disease (CrD)-specific pancreatic autoantibodies and assessed their clinical relevance in the largest inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cohort tested to date. 832 sera were studied, including 617 consecutive IBD patients from 323 CrD and 294 ulcerative colitis (UC) follow-up in a tertiary centre, and 112 pathological and 103 normal controls. Sensitivity of IgA anti-MZGP2 for CrD in the IBD population was 15% and specificity was 98% (95, 99), while the sensitivity and specificity of IgG anti-MZGP2 were 27% and 97%. IgA and IgG anti-MZGP2 combined testing led to a sensitivity of 31% and a specificity of 96%. Positivity for either ASCA (IgA or IgG) or anti-MZGP2 (IgA or IgG) showed a sensitivity of 75% (70, 80) and a specificity of 84% (79, 89). IgA anti-MZGP2 antibodies were more prevalent in CrD patients with early disease onset (p=0.011). Also, anti-MZGP2 positive patients more frequently had extensive disease with ileal involvement. Patients with longer disease duration were more likely to have IgG anti-MZGP2 antibodies. Our novel ELISA confirms the high specificity of anti-MZGP2 antibodies for CrD and their association with disease severity phenotypes. •Anti-pancreatic antibody has low sensitivity and high specificity for Crohn’s disease.•The major target of PAB is the Major Zymogen Granule membrane glycoprotein (MZGP2).•Novel ELISAs using MZGP2 isoform 4 have high specificity for Crohn’s disease.•MZGP2 antibodies are more common in early disease onset and extensive ileal Crohn’s disease.•Presence of ASCA IgG, IgA and MZGP2 IgG or IgA is 100% specific for Crohn’s disease.