Mortality risk factors among HIV‐exposed infants in rural and urban Cameroon

Objectives HIV‐exposed infants, including those who do not become infected, have higher morbidity and mortality rates than HIV unexposed infants. The underlying mechanisms of this difference are largely unknown. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors for mortality among HIV‐exp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tropical medicine & international health 2015-02, Vol.20 (2), p.170-176
Main Authors: Boerma, Ragna S., Wit, Ferdinand W. N. M., Orock, Sammy Oben, Schonenberg‐Meinema, Dieneke, Hartdorff, Caroline M., Bakia, Affuenti, Hensbroek, Michael Boele
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Babies
Cameroon
Cameroon - epidemiology
Cameroun
Camerún
Female
fórmula infantil
HIV
HIV Infections - mortality
HIV Infections - transmission
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
infant
infant formula
infectious disease transmission
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - statistics & numerical data
lait de formule pour nourrissons
Mortality
niños
nourrissons
Risk Factors
Rural areas
Rural Health
transmisión de enfermedades infecciosas
transmission des maladies infectieuses
Urban areas
Urban Health
vertical
VIH
Young Adult
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Summary:Objectives HIV‐exposed infants, including those who do not become infected, have higher morbidity and mortality rates than HIV unexposed infants. The underlying mechanisms of this difference are largely unknown. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors for mortality among HIV‐exposed (infected as well as uninfected) infants in a prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission (PMTCT) programme in Cameroon. Methods We analysed the data from 319 mother‐infant pairs included in a PMTCT programme at a rural and an urban hospital between 2004 and 2012. The programme offered free formula feeding, monthly follow‐up visits and antiretroviral therapy (ART) according to national PMTCT guidelines. Mother‐infant pairs were divided in three study groups, based on year of recruitment and study site: (I) rural hospital, 2004–07; (II) rural hospital, 2008–12; (III) urban hospital, 2008–12. Results Two hundred and eighty‐five medical records were included in the final analysis. Infant mortality rates were 23.9%, 20.0% and 5.3% in group I, II and III, respectively (P = 0.02). Hazard ratios of infant mortality were 6.4 (P 
ISSN:1360-2276
1365-3156
DOI:10.1111/tmi.12424