Physical Matching of Metals: Grain Orientation Association at Fracture Edge

The objective of this study was to examine whether surface crystal orientation can be used to associate or differentiate metal fracture fragments. The orientations of individual crystals and crystals across the fracture plane were measured on polished steel and iron alloy surfaces using Electron Bac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of forensic sciences 2015-01, Vol.60 (s1), p.S66-S75
Main Author: Lograsso, Barbara K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Crystallography
forensic science
Forensic sciences
fracture
materials
metal
metallurgy
Metals
physical match
Scanning electron microscopy
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Summary:The objective of this study was to examine whether surface crystal orientation can be used to associate or differentiate metal fracture fragments. The orientations of individual crystals and crystals across the fracture plane were measured on polished steel and iron alloy surfaces using Electron Backscattered Diffraction/ Orientation Imaging Microscopy (EBSD/OIM). This investigation examined crystallographic characteristics within a metal. This study showed that for transgranular fracture, it is feasible that pieces of grains could be associated across the fracture surface with the difference in orientation between grains (misorientation) along a length sequence of grain orientations on one side of the fracture surface to associate the other side of a fracture surface. Regarding pair comparisons of crystals on fracture surfaces, it was estimated that the probability for an ordered sequence of six distinct oriented grains along a fracture surface to occur again is about 1 in 4.82 (10)30 or 2.07 (10)−31.
ISSN:0022-1198
1556-4029
DOI:10.1111/1556-4029.12607