Combined photocatalytic and fungal treatment for the destruction of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)

The combined TiO sub(2)-assisted photocatalytic reduction of TNT in series with fungal mineralization by Phanerochaete chrysosporium was investigated. Previously unreported byproducts from the photocatalytic reduction of TNT (at pH 3.1 to 6.6 under a nitrogen atmosphere) were observed: 4-amino-2,6-d...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water research (Oxford) 1998-05, Vol.32 (5), p.1481-1491
Main Authors: Hess, T.F, Lewis, T.A, Crawford, R.L, Katamneni, S, Wells, J.H, Watts, R.J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
biochemical pathways
Biological and medical sciences
biological treatment
Biological treatment of waters
bioreactors
Biotechnology
chemical treatment
Environment and pollution
Exact sciences and technology
explosives
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
Industrial wastewaters
mineralization
Phanerochaete chrysosporium
photocatalytic reduction
pink water
Pollution
reduction
titanium dioxide
wastewater
wastewater treatment
Wastewaters
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:The combined TiO sub(2)-assisted photocatalytic reduction of TNT in series with fungal mineralization by Phanerochaete chrysosporium was investigated. Previously unreported byproducts from the photocatalytic reduction of TNT (at pH 3.1 to 6.6 under a nitrogen atmosphere) were observed: 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene, 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene, 4-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene, 2,4-dihydroxylamino-6-nitrotoluene, and 2-hydroxylamino-4-amino-6-nitrotoluene. The extent of TNT mineralization was approximately 14% by biological transformation alone and improved to approximately 32% using the combined photocatalytic and fungal treatment. No significant mineralization was seen during photocatalytic reduction of TNT. Six hours of photocatalytic pretreatment resulted in the greatest extent of biological mineralization in the combined process. In addition, solubility and polarity of transformation products was increased in the combined treatment over that of fungal or photocatalytic transformation alone. HPLC, mass spectrometry and super(14)C-radiotracer analyses of the TNT transformations were conducted to show both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the photocatalytic reduction and biological oxidation sequences. This experimentation demonstrated that a combined photochemical and biological sequence of treatment may be a viable method of treating aqueous TNT wastes.
ISSN:0043-1354
1879-2448
DOI:10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00364-3