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IL-4 and IL-13 have overlapping but distinct effects on HIV production in monocytes

In HIV‐1‐infected monocytes and monocytoid cell lines, viral expression can be observed as high‐level production, restricted (chronic low‐level) expression, and latency (no viral expression). Interleukin‐13 (IL‐13) and IL‐4, which have remarkedly similar deactivating effects on inflammatory monocyte...

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Published in:Journal of leukocyte biology 1994-09, Vol.56 (3), p.340-346
Main Authors: Mikovits, Judy A., Meyers, Anne M., Ortaldo, John R., Minty, Adrian, Caput, Daniel, Ferrara, Pascual, Ruscetti, Francis W.
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container_issue 3
container_start_page 340
container_title Journal of leukocyte biology
container_volume 56
creator Mikovits, Judy A.
Meyers, Anne M.
Ortaldo, John R.
Minty, Adrian
Caput, Daniel
Ferrara, Pascual
Ruscetti, Francis W.
description In HIV‐1‐infected monocytes and monocytoid cell lines, viral expression can be observed as high‐level production, restricted (chronic low‐level) expression, and latency (no viral expression). Interleukin‐13 (IL‐13) and IL‐4, which have remarkedly similar deactivating effects on inflammatory monocyte functions, were studied for their regulation of HIV expression in monocytes. Pretreatment of peripheral monocytes for 48–72 h with IL‐13 markedly decreased acute HIV infection, whereas IL‐4 increased it. Similar effects were seen when the U1 and R‐THP‐1 monocytoid cell lines with restricted HIV expression were treated with these cytokines. However, when these continuously producing cell lines were chronically treated with cytokines, IL‐13 increased HIV production. Neither IL‐4 nor IL‐13 stimulated HIV expression in latently infected cells. In chronically infected cells, several cytokines reduced viral mRNA. Both IL‐4 and IL‐13 increased monocyte aggregate formation, but only IL‐4 ultimately stimulated cytolysis of HIV‐infected monocytes as well as increased apoptosis of U1. In the presence of tumor necrosis factor α or IL‐6, which upregulate HIV expression, IL‐13 could no longer suppress HIV expression. These results indicate that IL‐4 and IL‐13, although closely related in modulating monocyte function, can have divergent effects on HIV expression in monocytes. Collectively, these data suggest that there exists a complex cytokine tissue environment with positive regulators of HIV expression able to override negative regulators. J. Leukoc. Biol. 56: 340–346; 1994.
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source Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Cells, Cultured
cytokines
DNA, Viral - analysis
DNA, Viral - genetics
Gene Expression Regulation, Viral - drug effects
HIV - genetics
HIV - isolation & purification
HIV regulation
human immunodeficiency virus 1
Humans
Interleukin-13
Interleukin-4 - pharmacology
Interleukin-6 - pharmacology
Interleukins - pharmacology
monocytes
Monocytes - chemistry
Monocytes - cytology
Monocytes - microbiology
RNA, Messenger - analysis
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Viral - analysis
RNA, Viral - genetics
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - pharmacology
title IL-4 and IL-13 have overlapping but distinct effects on HIV production in monocytes
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