Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation in pregnancy differentially modulates arachidonic acid and DHA status across FADS genotypes in pregnancy

Abstract Some FADS alleles are associated with lower DHA and ARA status assessed by the relative amount of arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in plasma and red blood cell (RBC) phospholipids (PL). We determined two FADS single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a cohort of pregnan...

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Published in:Prostaglandins, leukotrienes and essential fatty acids leukotrienes and essential fatty acids, 2015-03, Vol.94, p.29-33
Main Authors: Scholtz, S.A, Kerling, E.H, Shaddy, D.J, Li, S, Thodosoff, J.M, Colombo, J, Carlson, S.E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Advanced Basic Science
Arachidonic acid
Arachidonic Acid - blood
Docosahexaenoic acid
Docosahexaenoic Acids - administration & dosage
Docosahexaenoic Acids - pharmacokinetics
Drug Administration Schedule
Endocrinology & Metabolism
FADS SNPs
Fatty Acid Desaturases - genetics
Female
Genotype
Humans
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Pregnancy
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract Some FADS alleles are associated with lower DHA and ARA status assessed by the relative amount of arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in plasma and red blood cell (RBC) phospholipids (PL). We determined two FADS single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a cohort of pregnant women and examined the relationship of FADS1rs174533 and FADS2rs174575 to DHA and ARA status before and after supplementation with 600 mg per day of DHA. The 205 pregnant women studied were randomly assigned to placebo (mixed soy and corn oil) ( n =96) or 600 mg algal DHA ( n =109) in 3 capsules per day for the last two trimesters of pregnancy. Women homozygous for the minor allele of FADS1rs174533 (but not FADS2rs174575) had lower DHA and ARA status at baseline. At delivery, minor allele homozygotes of FADS1rs174533 in the placebo group had lower RBC-DHA compared to major-allele carriers ( P =0.031), while in the DHA-supplemented group, all genotypes had higher DHA status compared to baseline ( P =0.001) and status did not differ by genotype ( P =0.941). Surprisingly, DHA but not the placebo decreased ARA status of minor allele homozygotes of both FADS SNPs but not major allele homozygotes at delivery. Any physiological effects of changing the DHA to ARA ratio by increasing DHA intake appears to be greater in minor allele homozygotes of some FADS SNPs.
ISSN:0952-3278
1532-2823
DOI:10.1016/j.plefa.2014.10.008