Environmental accounting for Arctic shipping – A framework building on ship tracking data from satellites

• Published in: Marine pollution bulletin 2014-10, Vol.87 (1-2), p.22-28
• Main Authors: Mjelde, A., Martinsen, K., Eide, M., Endresen, Ø.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Accounting; AIS (Automatic Identification System); Animal and plant ecology; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Applied ecology; Arctic Regions; Arctic shipping; Biological and medical sciences; Black carbon emissions; Climate Change; Construction; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution; Environmental accounting; Environmental Monitoring - methods; Environmental Pollutants; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Heavy fuel oil; Marine; Marine and brackish environment; Modelling; Models, Theoretical; Satellite tracking; Sea water ecosystems; Shipping; Ships; Soot; Spacecraft; Synecology; Tracking
• ISSN: 0025-326X; 1879-3363
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.013

•Modelling framework for environmental accounting using ship tracking data.•Presenting a tool forming basis for managing risks and impacts of shipping.•Calculation and visualisation of black carbon emissions in the Arctic.•Modelling the carriage of bunker fuel types and wet bulk in the Arctic. Arctic shipping is on the rise, leading to increased concern over the potential environmental impacts. To better understand the magnitude of influence to the Arctic environment, detailed modelling of emissions and environmental risks are essential. This paper describes a framework for environmental accounting. A cornerstone in the framework is the use of Automatic Identification System (AIS) ship tracking data from satellites. When merged with ship registers and other data sources, it enables unprecedented accuracy in modelling and geographical allocation of emissions and discharges. This paper presents results using two of the models in the framework; emissions of black carbon (BC) in the Arctic, which is of particular concern for climate change, and; bunker fuels and wet bulk carriage in the Arctic, of particular concern for oil spill to the environment. Using the framework, a detailed footprint from Arctic shipping with regards to operational emissions and potential discharges is established.