Decomposition reaction of the veterinary antibiotic ciprofloxacin using electron ionizing energy

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) 2014-12, Vol.117, p.158-163
• Main Authors: Cho, Jae Young, Chung, Byung Yeoup, Lee, Kyeong-Bo, Lee, Geon-Hwi, Hwang, Seon Ah
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Bacterial Agents - radiation effects; Antibiotics; Applied sciences; Aqueous solutions; Bacillus subtilis; Bacillus subtilis - drug effects; Biological and physicochemical phenomena; Ciprofloxacin; Ciprofloxacin - chemistry; Ciprofloxacin - pharmacology; Ciprofloxacin - radiation effects; Decomposition; Degradation; Electron ionizing energy; Electrons; Energy of solution; Energy use; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli - drug effects; Exact sciences and technology; Irradiation; Natural water pollution; Photolysis; Pollution; Pseudomonas putida; Pseudomonas putida - drug effects; Toxicity; Veterinary; Veterinary antibiotic; Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry; Water Pollutants, Chemical - pharmacology; Water Pollutants, Chemical - radiation effects; Water treatment and pollution
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.039

•The electron ionizing energy is an effective to remove CFX from aqueous media.•This research is capable to evaluate the risk and toxicity of ciprofloxacin.•The degraded products of CFX after irradiation were proposed in this study.•The degraded products of CFX did not show any toxic antimicrobial effects. The application of electron ionizing energy for degrading veterinary antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CFX) in aqueous solution was elucidated. The degradation efficiency of CFX after irradiation with electron ionizing energy was 38% at 1kGy, 80% at 5kGy, and 97% at 10kGy. Total organic carbon of CFX in aqueous solution after irradiation with electron ionizing energy decreased 2% at 1kGy, 18% at 5kGy, and 53% at 10kGy. The CFX degradation products after irradiation with electron ionizing energy were CFX1 ([M+H] m/z 330), CFX2 ([M+H] m/z 314), and CFX3 ([M+H] m/z 263). CFX1 had an F atom substituted with OH and CFX2 was expected to originate from CFX via loss of F or H2O. CFX3 was expected to originate from CFX via loss of the piperazynilic ring. Among the several radicals, hydrate electron (eaq-) is expected to play an important role in degradation of veterinary antibiotic during irradiation with electron ionizing energy. The toxicity of the degraded products formed during irradiation with electron ionizing energy was evaluated using microbes such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, and Bacillus subtilis, and the results revealed that the toxicity decreased with irradiation. These results demonstrate that irradiation technology using electron ionizing energy is an effective was to remove veterinary antibiotics from an aquatic ecosystem.