Leptin and its receptors

•This article summarized distribution of co-expression leptin receptor in the brain.•We have focused the function and distribution the leptin receptor, especially ob–rb isoforms.•We wrote the characterization of leptin and leptin receptor encode gene (ob and db gene). Leptin is mainly produced in th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of chemical neuroanatomy 2014-11, Vol.61-62, p.191-199
Main Authors: Wada, Nobuhiro, Hirako, Satoshi, Takenoya, Fumiko, Kageyama, Haruaki, Okabe, Mai, Shioda, Seiji
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
db Gene
Humans
JAK-STAT
Leptin
Leptin receptor
Neuropeptide
ob Gene
Receptors, Leptin
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Summary:•This article summarized distribution of co-expression leptin receptor in the brain.•We have focused the function and distribution the leptin receptor, especially ob–rb isoforms.•We wrote the characterization of leptin and leptin receptor encode gene (ob and db gene). Leptin is mainly produced in the white adipose tissue before being secreted into the blood and transported across the blood–brain barrier. Leptin binds to a specific receptor (LepR) that has numerous subtypes (LepRa, LepRb, LepRc, LepRd, LepRe, and LepRf). LepRb, in particular, is expressed in several brain nuclei, including the arcuate nucleus, the paraventricular nucleus, and the dorsomedial, lateral and ventromedial regions of the hypothalamus. LepRb is also co-expressed with several neuropeptides, including proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y, galanin, galanin-like peptide, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, tyrosine hydroxylase and neuropeptide W. Functionally, LepRb induces activation of the JAK2/ERK, /STAT3, /STAT5 and IRS/PI3 kinase signaling cascades, which are important for the regulation of energy homeostasis and appetite in mammals. In this review, we discuss the structure, genetics and distribution of the leptin receptors, and their role in cell signaling mechanisms.
ISSN:0891-0618
1873-6300
DOI:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2014.09.002