Identification of the metabolites of Ixerin Z from Ixeris sonchifolia Hance in rats by HPLC–LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry

•In vivo metabolism of Ixerin Z was first investigated by HPLC–LTQ-Orbitrap.•A total of 41 metabolites as well as parent drug were unambiguously or tentatively identified.•The metabolic pathways of Ixerin Z were proposed for the first time.•Multiple mass defect filters (MMDF) technique was used to d...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 2015-03, Vol.107, p.290-297
Main Authors: Cai, Wei, Zhang, Jia-Yu, Dong, Lu-Yan, Yin, Pei-Hua, Wang, Chun-Guo, Lu, Jian-Qiu, Zhang, Hong-Gui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Asteraceae - chemistry
Asteraceae - metabolism
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods
HPLC–LTQ-Orbitrap
Ixerin Z
Ixeris sonchifolia Hance
Lactones - chemistry
Lactones - metabolism
Male
Mass Spectrometry - methods
Metabolic Networks and Pathways - physiology
Metabolites
Multiple mass defect filter
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Sesquiterpenes - chemistry
Sesquiterpenes - metabolism
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:•In vivo metabolism of Ixerin Z was first investigated by HPLC–LTQ-Orbitrap.•A total of 41 metabolites as well as parent drug were unambiguously or tentatively identified.•The metabolic pathways of Ixerin Z were proposed for the first time.•Multiple mass defect filters (MMDF) technique was used to detected and identified metabolites. Ixerin Z, one of major sesquiterpene lactones from Ixeris sonchifolia Hance, was considered to be a major active compound because of their special structure and activity. However, studies on Ixerin Z metabolism have rarely been reported. This study is the first to investigate the in vivo metabolism of Ixerin Z following intravenously administered of Ixerin Z by HPLC–LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry and multiple mass defect filters (MMDF) technique. A total of 41 metabolites as well as parent drug after using two MMDF filter templates were unambiguously or tentatively identified based on accurate mass measurements, fragmentation patterns, and chromatographic retention times. The metabolic pathways of Ixerin Z were also proposed for the first time. The results demonstrated that Ixerin Z underwent extensive metabolic reaction including hydrogenation, hydroxylation, hydrolysis, methylation, cysteine conjugation, glutathione (GSH) conjugation, sulfate conjugation, N-acetylcysteine conjugation, and glucuronidation. In conclusion, our study provided an insight into the metabolism of Ixerin Z.
ISSN:0731-7085
1873-264X
DOI:10.1016/j.jpba.2015.01.004