Random chloroplast segregation and frequent mtDNA rearrangements in fertile somatic hybrids between Nicotiana tabacum L. and N. glutinosa L

Patterns of organelle inheritance were examined among fertile somatic hybrids between allotetraploid Nicotiana tabacum L. (2n=4x =48) and a diploid wild relative Nicotiana glutinosa L. (2n=2x=24). 70 somatic hybrids resistant to methotrexate and kanamycin were recovered following fusion of leaf meso...

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Published in:Theoretical and applied genetics 1994-03, Vol.87 (8), p.900-908
Main Authors: Donaldson, P.A, Bevis, E.E, Pandeya, R.S, Gleddie, S.C. (Imperial Tobacco Ltd., Montreal, Quebec (Canada))
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADN
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Biological and medical sciences
CHLOROPLASTE
Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids
CLOROPLASTO
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution
HIBRIDOS SOMATICOS
HYBRIDE SOMATIQUE
MITOCHONDRIE
MITOCONDRIA
Nicotiana glutinosa
NICOTIANA TABACUM
Pteridophyta, spermatophyta
SEGREGACION
SEGREGATION
Vegetals
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Summary:Patterns of organelle inheritance were examined among fertile somatic hybrids between allotetraploid Nicotiana tabacum L. (2n=4x =48) and a diploid wild relative Nicotiana glutinosa L. (2n=2x=24). 70 somatic hybrids resistant to methotrexate and kanamycin were recovered following fusion of leaf mesophyll protoplasts of transgenic methotrexate-resistant N. tabacum and kanamycin-resistant N. glutinosa. Evidence for hybridization of nuclear genomes was obtained by analysis of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and peroxidase isoenzymes and by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using a heterologous nuclear ribosomal DNA probe. Analysis of chloroplast genomes in a population of 41 hybrids revealed a random segregation of chloroplasts since 25 possessed N. glutinosa chloroplasts and 16 possessed N. tabacum chloroplasts. This contrasts with the markedly non-random segregation of plastids in N. tabacum (+) Nicotiana rustica and N. tabacum (+) Nicotiana debneyi somatic hybrids which were described previously and which were recovered using the same conditions for fusion and selection. The organization of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in 40 individuals was examined by RFLP analysis with a heterologous cytochrome B gene. 38 somatic hybrids possessed mitochondrial genomes which were rearranged with respect to the parental genomes, two carried mtDNA similar to N. tabacum, while none had mtDNA identical to N. glutinosa. The somatic hybrids were self-fertile and fertile in backcrosses with the tobacco parent.
ISSN:0040-5752
1432-2242
DOI:10.1007/BF00225783