Cutaneous toxicity of sodium lauryl sulphate, nickel, and their combination in guinea pigs : biochemical and histopathological observations

Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a surfactant found in cosmetics and detergents, which sometimes also contain nickel. To investigate the dermal toxicity and possible interactions of the two substances, cutaneous testing was performed on guinea pigs. Shaved areas of skin were exposed to 50 mg SLS/kg an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 1992-12, Vol.49 (6), p.871-878
Main Authors: MATHUR, A. K, GUPTA, B. N, SINGH, S, SINGH, A, NARANG, S, SHANKER, R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Domestic and cosmetic products toxicology
Drug Combinations
Drug Eruptions - etiology
Guinea Pigs
Histamine - analysis
Lipid Peroxidation
Male
Medical sciences
Nickel - adverse effects
Nickel - analysis
Skin - chemistry
Skin - drug effects
Skin - metabolism
Skin - pathology
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate - adverse effects
Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism
Toxicology
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Summary:Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a surfactant found in cosmetics and detergents, which sometimes also contain nickel. To investigate the dermal toxicity and possible interactions of the two substances, cutaneous testing was performed on guinea pigs. Shaved areas of skin were exposed to 50 mg SLS/kg and/or 50 mg Ni/kg body weight daily for 7 or 14 d. Lower doses were also used, but results were not given in detail. Lipid peroxidation was increased for Ni- and SLS super( +) Ni- treated subjects. Histamine was increased in SLS- and SLS super( +) Ni-treated animals. Exposure to the combination inhibited superoxide dismutase (SOD), whereas exposure to each individual component did not affect SOD. Glutathione levels were increased at 14 d for all experimental groups. Histological examination revealed thickening of the epidermis, edema, and sloughing for all treatment groups. Combined Ni and SLS exposure also demonstrated the formation of hemorrhagic areas and intense inflammation. The two substances appear to exert some additive toxic effects when applied to the skin.
ISSN:0007-4861
1432-0800
DOI:10.1007/BF00203161