Effects of Different Biomass Drying and Lipid Extraction Methods on Algal Lipid Yield, Fatty Acid Profile, and Biodiesel Quality

• Published in: Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2015-03, Vol.175 (6), p.3048-3057
• Main Authors: Hussain, Javid, Liu, Yan, Lopes, Wilson A., Druzian, Janice I., Souza, Carolina O., Carvalho, Gilson C., Nascimento, Iracema A., Liao, Wei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algae; Biochemistry; Biodiesel fuels; Biofuels - analysis; Biomass; Biotechnology; Chemical Fractionation - methods; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chlorella vulgaris; Chlorella vulgaris - chemistry; Chlorella vulgaris - growth & development; Chlorella vulgaris - metabolism; Drying; Fatty acids; Fatty Acids - chemistry; Fatty Acids - isolation & purification; Fatty Acids - metabolism; Freeze Drying - methods; Lipids; Lipids - chemistry; Lipids - isolation & purification; Studies
• ISSN: 0273-2289; 1559-0291
• DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1486-5

Three lipid extraction methods of hexane Soxhlet (Sox-Hex), Halim (HIP), and Bligh and Dyer (BD) were applied on freeze-dried (FD) and oven-dried (OD) Chlorella vulgaris biomass to evaluate their effects on lipid yield, fatty acid profile, and algal biodiesel quality. Among these three methods, HIP was the preferred one for C. vulgaris lipid recovery considering both extraction efficiency and solvent toxicity. It had the highest lipid yields of 20.0 and 22.0 % on FD and OD biomass, respectively, with corresponding neutral lipid yields of 14.8 and 12.7 %. The lipid profiling analysis showed that palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acids were the major fatty acids in the algal lipids, and there were no significant differences on the amount of these acids between different drying and extraction methods. Correlative models applied to the fatty acid profiles concluded that high contents of palmitic and oleic acids in algal lipids contributed to balancing the ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and led to a high-quality algal biodiesel.