Leaf and Seed extracts of Bixa orellana L. exert anti-microbial activity against bacterial pathogens

Methanol extracts of the leaf & seed of Bixa orellana L. were studied for in vitro antimicrobial activity against MTCC strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus fecalis, Vibrio cholera, Moraxella catarrhalis, Acinetobacter sp....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied pharmaceutical science 2011-11, Vol.1 (9), p.116-120
Main Authors: A, Tamil Selvi, G, Dinesh M, S, Satyan R, B, Chandrasekaran, C, Rose
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acinetobacter
Aspergillus niger
Bixa orellana
Brucella
Candida albicans
Enterococcus
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Moraxella catarrhalis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Salmonella typhi
Staphylococcus aureus
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Trichophyton rubrum
Vibrio
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Summary:Methanol extracts of the leaf & seed of Bixa orellana L. were studied for in vitro antimicrobial activity against MTCC strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus fecalis, Vibrio cholera, Moraxella catarrhalis, Acinetobacter sp., Brucella sp. along with fungal pathogens Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and the dermatophytes Trichophyton mentagrophytes & Trichophyton rubrum. Leaf extract of B. orellana at 1000 A mu g/ml concentration showed significant inhibition against all the tested bacteria and fungus, with highest inhibition zone (18A plus or minus 0.3 mm) against S. typhi, Acinetobacter sp., T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum. Seed extract of B. orellana was comparitively less efficacious in most of the tested pathogens, except Brucella sp. which was appreciably inhibited (15A plus or minus 0.1 mm). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of leaf extract was determined as 15.62 A mu g/ml against S. aureus and 31.25 A mu g/ml for K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. fecalis & S. typhi, on average. Among the dermatophytes, 78.2% inhibition was seen in T. mentagrophytes & T. rubrum. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) studies of the treated P. aeruginosa cells revealed disintegration & aggregation of cells after treatment with the leaf extract. Phytochemical analysis of leaf & seed extracts suggested the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids. Alkaloids were detected only in the leaf & anthroquinones, in the seeds.
ISSN:2231-3354