Vestibular migraine

Background The combination of vertigo, dizziness and balance disturbance with migraine is called vestibular migraine. Although it is estimated that up to 1% of the population suffers from this disease, it is still widely unknown and often underdiagnosed. Recently, the International Headache Society...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cephalalgia 2015-03, Vol.35 (3), p.262-270
Main Authors: Stolte, Benjamin, Holle, Dagny, Naegel, Steffen, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Obermann, Mark
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Dizziness - diagnosis
Dizziness - epidemiology
Dizziness - therapy
Humans
Migraine Disorders - diagnosis
Migraine Disorders - epidemiology
Migraine Disorders - therapy
Vertigo - diagnosis
Vertigo - epidemiology
Vertigo - therapy
Vestibular Diseases - diagnosis
Vestibular Diseases - epidemiology
Vestibular Diseases - therapy
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Summary:Background The combination of vertigo, dizziness and balance disturbance with migraine is called vestibular migraine. Although it is estimated that up to 1% of the population suffers from this disease, it is still widely unknown and often underdiagnosed. Recently, the International Headache Society and the Báràny Society published the first joint document with mutually accepted diagnostic criteria for vestibular migraine. Method This review summarizes current knowledge on vestibular migraine with regard to epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis and therapeutic options. Results Approximately 30–50% of patients with migraine report vertigo, dizziness or balance disturbances with at least one migraine attack. Vestibular migraine often appears in a temporal delay to the first onset of migraine headache. In some patients the symptom of sudden onset disequilibrium was the main complaint and more worrisome than the accompanying migraine headache. The duration of attacks varies from a few seconds up to few days. The underlying pathophysiology of vestibular migraine is still widely unknown. As an important differential diagnosis, Ménière’s disease has to be considered and excluded. Conclusion As randomized controlled treatment trials are still missing in vestibular migraine, the therapeutic recommendations for vestibular migraine are currently based on the guidelines of migraine.
ISSN:0333-1024
1468-2982
DOI:10.1177/0333102414535113