Synthesis and Characterization of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles by Solid State Chemical Reaction Method

• Published in: Journal of cluster science 2011-06, Vol.22 (2), p.131-140
• Main Authors: Sarabadani, Parvin, Sadeghi, Mahdi, Ghasemi, Mohamadreza, Asadollahi, Zargham, Afshari, Narges
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Annealing; Atoms & subatomic particles; Bridges (structures); Catalysis; Chemical reactions; Chemical synthesis; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chlorides; Crystal structure; Differential thermal analysis; Grain size; High temperature; Infrared spectroscopy; Inorganic Chemistry; Lattice vibration; Morphology; Nanochemistry; Nanocomposites; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Nanostructure; Original Paper; Physical Chemistry; Precursors; Scanning electron microscopy; Solid state; Temperature; Tin; Tin dioxide; Tin oxides
• ISSN: 1040-7278; 1572-8862
• DOI: 10.1007/s10876-011-0350-1

High purity tin oxide nanopowders have been synthesized by using a solid-state chemical reaction technique with annealing at elevated temperature. The effects of two parameters, specifically by controlling the annealing temperature and kind of alkaline chlorides as precursors, the effect on particle size, morphology and IR spectra of synthesized tin oxide nanopowder were investigated. From the X-ray pattern, the crystal structure of the synthesized powders was confirmed as a tetragonal structure. Based on the recorded FTIR spectrum of SnO 2 , the IR bands due to SnO 2 vibrations and its lattice modes were observed at 625 and 690 cm −1 , respectively. In addition, an important characterization peak has been identified at 1,450 cm −1 due to Sn–O–Sn bridges observed only when LiCl was used as precursor. The formation of Sn–O–Sn bridges was confirmed by TGA–DTA analysis. According to the SEM images, it is obvious to notice that the kind of alkaline chlorides as precursors play a dominant role in controlling the morphology of tin oxide nanopowders.