Linear Retro-Directive Antenna Array Using 90 ^ Hybrids

A novel approach is developed to design linear passive retro-directive antenna arrays by properly making use of 90deg hybrids. For a 90deg hybrid, when its direct port and coupled port are terminated with the same reflection coefficient, the phase difference of the reflected signals at the other two...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation 2008-06, Vol.56 (6), p.1573-1580
Main Authors: HSIEH, Sung-Nien, CHU, Tah-Hsiung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
90 ^{\circ} hybrid
Antenna arrays
Antenna measurements
Antennas
Applied sciences
Arrays
Circuit design
Coupling circuits
Distributed parameter circuits
Exact sciences and technology
Folding
Frequency
Linear antenna arrays
phase difference reversal
Phase shift
Phased arrays
Ports
Radiocommunications
Receiving antennas
Reflection
Reflection coefficient
retro-directive antennas
Signal processing
Telecommunications
Telecommunications and information theory
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Description
Summary:A novel approach is developed to design linear passive retro-directive antenna arrays by properly making use of 90deg hybrids. For a 90deg hybrid, when its direct port and coupled port are terminated with the same reflection coefficient, the phase difference of the reflected signals at the other two ports are reversed to that of the incident signals. This then becomes to be a phase difference reversal circuit (or a retro-directive circuit) and leads to the design of linear retro-directive antenna arrays using 90deg hybrids. The formulas and a folding method on designing linear retro-directive array circuits with arbitrary element numbers are presented with the measurement results of three-element, four-element, and six-element retro-directive antenna arrays.
ISSN:0018-926X
1558-2221
DOI:10.1109/TAP.2008.923326