High-Temperature Stress Relaxation Cracking and Stress Rupture Observed in a Coke Gasifier Failure

This article discusses the high-temperature metal degradation mechanisms that occurred in the failure of a nine-story tall coke gasifier, located in a refinery power plant. Cracking of gasifier internals, bulging and stress rupture of the vessel shell, and escape of hot syngas resulted in an externa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of failure analysis and prevention 2011-06, Vol.11 (3), p.251-264
Main Authors: Benac, Daniel J., Olson, Douglas B., Urzendowski, Michael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alloy steels
Applied sciences
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry and Materials Science
Classical Mechanics
Coal and derived products
Corrosion and Coatings
Degradation
Energy
Exact sciences and technology
Failure
Fracture mechanics
Fractures
Fuels
Gasification
Materials Science
Mechanical properties and methods of testing. Rheology. Fracture mechanics. Tribology
Metals. Metallurgy
Miscellaneous: general maintenance, miscellaneous installations, waste waters, etc
Quality Control
Reliability
Rupture
Safety and Risk
Shells
Solid Mechanics
Stresses
Technical Article > -Peer-Reviewed
Tribology
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Summary:This article discusses the high-temperature metal degradation mechanisms that occurred in the failure of a nine-story tall coke gasifier, located in a refinery power plant. Cracking of gasifier internals, bulging and stress rupture of the vessel shell, and escape of hot syngas resulted in an external fire. The failure mechanisms include stress relaxation cracking of a large diameter Incoloy Alloy 825 tube, stress rupture of the 4.65-in. thick, 1¼ chromium steel shell wall, and oxidation of 1¼ chromium steel exposed to hot syngas. The gasifier process and operating conditions that contributed to the high-temperature degradation will be discussed.
ISSN:1547-7029
1728-5674
1864-1245
DOI:10.1007/s11668-010-9412-1