Helium and Hydrogen Adsorbed on Spheres and Cylinders

We examine the metastable and unstable regimes of condensation of superfluid helium and parahydrogen on spheres and cylinders at finite temperatures, employing finite range density functionals. The goal is to compare calculations of sizes and spreads of films at the onset of metastability and of ins...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of low temperature physics 2014-07, Vol.176 (1-2), p.101-112
Main Authors: Hernández, E. S., Szybisz, L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Condensed Matter Physics
Cylinders
Fluids
Helium
Instability
Magnetic Materials
Magnetism
Mathematical analysis
Mathematical models
Metastability
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Stability
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Summary:We examine the metastable and unstable regimes of condensation of superfluid helium and parahydrogen on spheres and cylinders at finite temperatures, employing finite range density functionals. The goal is to compare calculations of sizes and spreads of films at the onset of metastability and of instability with the predictions of a simple phenomenological model that contemplates the curvature of the substrate. We have focused on two cases, helium on nanospheres and nanocylinders of different materials, and hydrogen on fullerenes. We are able to locate the onset of metastability and of spinodal instability in the adsorption isotherms of every sample and to extract the width of the condensed fluid. It is shown that the predictions of the so-called simple model agree surprisingly well with the more elaborate calculations.
ISSN:0022-2291
1573-7357
DOI:10.1007/s10909-014-1164-y