Immobilization of flame-retardant onto silica nanoparticle surface and properties of epoxy resin filled with the flame-retardant-immobilized silica (2)

To prepare silica nanoparticle having flame-retardant activity, immobilization of flame-retardant onto the surface was investigated. The immobilization of phosphorous flame-retardant was achieved by two-step reactions: (1) introduction of cyclotriphosphazene (PH) groups onto silica nanoparticle by t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Reactive & functional polymers 2013-03, Vol.73 (3), p.613-618
Main Authors: Kawahara, Takashi, Yuuki, Akira, Hashimoto, Kumi, Fujiki, Kazuhiro, Yamauchi, Takeshi, Tsubokawa, Norio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Composites
Epoxy resin
Epoxy resins
Exact sciences and technology
Flame-retardant
Forms of application and semi-finished materials
Immobilization
Nanocomposites
Nanomaterials
Nanoparticles
Nanostructure
Polymer industry, paints, wood
Silicas
Silicon dioxide
Surface chemistry
Surface grafting
Technology of polymers
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Summary:To prepare silica nanoparticle having flame-retardant activity, immobilization of flame-retardant onto the surface was investigated. The immobilization of phosphorous flame-retardant was achieved by two-step reactions: (1) introduction of cyclotriphosphazene (PH) groups onto silica nanoparticle by the reaction of terminal amino groups of the surface with hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and (2) immobilization of bis(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl phosphine oxide (BAPPO) onto silica having PH groups by the reaction of PH groups on the surface with BAPPO. The immobilization of BAPPO was confirmed by FT-IR and thermal decomposition GC–MS. The composite of epoxy resin filled with BAPPO-immobilized silica (Silica–PH–BAPPO) was successfully prepared by heating in the presence of curing agents. Thermal decomposition temperature and glass transition temperature of the epoxy resin filled with Silica–PH–BAPPO was higher than that of epoxy resin filled with untreated silica, free HCTP and BAPPO. Moreover, flame-retardant property of epoxy resin filled with Silica–PH–BAPPO was estimated by limiting oxygen index (LOI). The LOI value of epoxy resin filled with Silica–PH–BAPPO was higher than that of epoxy resin filled with untreated silica, free HCTP and BAPPO. This may be due the fact that char yield of the epoxy resin filled with Silica–PH–BAPPO was higher than that filled with free flame-retardant.
ISSN:1381-5148
DOI:10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2013.01.001