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Zinc Distribution in the Organs of Adult Fundulus heteroclitus After Waterborne Zinc Exposure in Freshwater and Saltwater

Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient to aquatic organisms, but increased concentrations may result in accumulation and toxic effects. Water chemistry is known to influence the uptake of Zn in aquatic biota; therefore, organisms inhabiting environments with variable salinities may exhibit differen...

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Published in:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2012-11, Vol.63 (4), p.544-553
Main Authors: Shyn, A., Chalk, S. J., Smith, K., Charnock, N. L., Bielmyer, G. K.
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description Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient to aquatic organisms, but increased concentrations may result in accumulation and toxic effects. Water chemistry is known to influence the uptake of Zn in aquatic biota; therefore, organisms inhabiting environments with variable salinities may exhibit different patterns of Zn accumulation. Likewise, metal uptake can vary in fish as a consequence of ionoregulatory status (acclimated to freshwater or saltwater). The euryhaline fish, Fundulus heteroclitus , was exposed to a control and two increased Zn concentrations (15 and 75 μg/L in moderately hard freshwater and 100 and 1,000 μg/L in 35 g/L saltwater) for 7 days. The ionic Zn concentrations were equivalent in the 75 μg/L Zn treatment in freshwater and the 100 μg/L Zn treatment in saltwater. Throughout the 7-day experiments, fish were dissected, and organ Zn distribution was quantified in the gill, intestine, liver, gall bladder, heart, and carcass. Different patterns of Zn accumulation were observed in F. heteroclitus dependent on exposure medium. Despite lower exposure concentrations, F. heteroclitus accumulated more Zn in freshwater than in saltwater in all of the organs analyzed with the exception of the carcass. In addition, there were correlations between Zn distribution and known physiological mechanisms related to osmoregulation in F. heteroclitus . Furthermore, this research suggests that F. heteroclitus are more susceptible to Zn accumulation in freshwater environments.
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Likewise, metal uptake can vary in fish as a consequence of ionoregulatory status (acclimated to freshwater or saltwater). The euryhaline fish, Fundulus heteroclitus , was exposed to a control and two increased Zn concentrations (15 and 75 μg/L in moderately hard freshwater and 100 and 1,000 μg/L in 35 g/L saltwater) for 7 days. The ionic Zn concentrations were equivalent in the 75 μg/L Zn treatment in freshwater and the 100 μg/L Zn treatment in saltwater. Throughout the 7-day experiments, fish were dissected, and organ Zn distribution was quantified in the gill, intestine, liver, gall bladder, heart, and carcass. Different patterns of Zn accumulation were observed in F. heteroclitus dependent on exposure medium. Despite lower exposure concentrations, F. heteroclitus accumulated more Zn in freshwater than in saltwater in all of the organs analyzed with the exception of the carcass. 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subjects Acclimatization
Accumulation
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Applied ecology
Aquatic animals
Aquatic life
Aquatic organisms
Biological and medical sciences
Biota
Brackish water ecosystems
Carcasses
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental monitoring
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Fish
Fresh water
Fresh Water - chemistry
Freshwater environments
Freshwater fish
Freshwaters
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Fundulidae - metabolism
General aspects
Gills - metabolism
Intestines - metabolism
Laboratories
Liver
Liver - metabolism
Marine
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Myocardium - metabolism
Organisms
Organs
Osmoregulation
Pollution
Saline water
Salinity
Seawater
Seawater - chemistry
Soil Science & Conservation
Studies
Synecology
Tissue Distribution
Toxicity
Toxicology
Uptakes
Water chemistry
Water Pollutants, Chemical - pharmacokinetics
Water-Electrolyte Balance
Wood preservatives
Zinc
Zinc - pharmacokinetics
title Zinc Distribution in the Organs of Adult Fundulus heteroclitus After Waterborne Zinc Exposure in Freshwater and Saltwater
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