Influence of soil temperature on Rhizoctonia root rot (R. solani AG-8 and R. oryzae) of winter wheat

Rhizoctonia solani AG-8 and R. oryzae are associated with Rhizoctonia root rot of cereals in the northwestern United States. These pathogens were evaluated in the greenhouse and field for effects on disease severity and growth, development, and yield of winter wheat. Experiments in the greenhouse we...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phytopathology 1993-07, Vol.83 (7), p.777-785
Main Authors: Smiley, R.W, Uddin, W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Biological and medical sciences
CRECIMIENTO
CROISSANCE
ETAPAS DE DESARROLLO DE LA PLANTA
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Fungal plant pathogens
OREGON
Pathology, epidemiology, host-fungus relationships. Damages, economic importance
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
RACINE
RAICES
RENDEMENT DES CULTURES
RENDIMIENTO DE CULTIVOS
RHIZOCTONIA
Rhizoctonia solani
STADE DE DEVELOPPEMENT VEGETAL
TEMPERATURA DEL SUELO
TEMPERATURE DU SOL
TRITICUM AESTIVUM
TULASNELLALES
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Summary:Rhizoctonia solani AG-8 and R. oryzae are associated with Rhizoctonia root rot of cereals in the northwestern United States. These pathogens were evaluated in the greenhouse and field for effects on disease severity and growth, development, and yield of winter wheat. Experiments in the greenhouse were performed either with pasteurized soil mixture or intact cores of natural soil collected from the field. Soil temperatures were controlled at diurnal cycles of 27/16, 23/11, or 19/6 C, or experiments were performed at ambient temperatures of 28/15 C. Inocula of the Rhizoctonia species were also placed in a band below winter wheat seed in the field. R. solani caused moderate to severe disease and reduced plant growth and development in all six greenhouse and field tests. R. solani in natural soil caused more severe root rot at low than at high temperature. R. oryzae caused slight to moderate root rot in natural soil and severe root rot in pasteurized soil at high temperature, but never significantly (P 0.05) suppressed plant growth or development. Grain yields for winter wheat growing in soil infested with R. solani, R. oryzae, or neither pathogen were 624, 8,724, and 9,444 kg/ha, respectively, during one field test. The yield component most closely associated with root rot during both field seasons was tiller development. We conclude that R. solani AG-8 is the principal incitant of Rhizoctonia root rot on winter wheat in the Pacific Northwest
ISSN:0031-949X
1943-7684
DOI:10.1094/Phyto-83-777