Effects of depression on the cytokine profile in drug naïve first-episode psychosis

Abstract Schizophrenia is accompanied by alterations in immuno-inflammatory pathways, including abnormalities in cytokine profile. The immune assessment of patients in a first episode of psychosis (FEP) and particularly in drug naïve patients is very important to further elucidate this association....

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Published in:Schizophrenia research 2015-05, Vol.164 (1), p.53-58
Main Authors: Noto, Cristiano, Ota, Vanessa Kiyomi, Santoro, Marcos Leite, Ortiz, Bruno B, Rizzo, Lucas B, Higuchi, Cinthia Hiroko, Cordeiro, Quirino, Belangero, Sintia Iole, Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca, Gadelha, Ary, Maes, Michael, Brietzke, Elisa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Analysis of Variance
Chi-Square Distribution
Cohort Studies
Cytokines
Cytokines - blood
Depression
Depression - blood
Depression - etiology
Drug naïve
Female
First-episode psychosis (FEP)
Humans
Male
Predictive Value of Tests
Psychiatry
Psychotic Disorders - complications
Schizophrenia
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract Schizophrenia is accompanied by alterations in immuno-inflammatory pathways, including abnormalities in cytokine profile. The immune assessment of patients in a first episode of psychosis (FEP) and particularly in drug naïve patients is very important to further elucidate this association. The objectives of this study are to delineate the cytokine profile (IL-2, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, IFNγ, TNFα and IL-17) in FEP patients (n = 55) versus healthy controls (n = 57) and to examine whether the presence of depressive symptoms in FEP is accompanied by a specific cytokine profile. We found increased levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNFα in FEP patients when compared to healthy controls. FEP patients with depression showed higher IL-4 and TNFα levels versus those without depression. Cytokine levels were not correlated to the total PANSS and the positive or negative subscale scores. Our results suggest that FEP is accompanied by a cytokine profile indicative of monocytic and T regulatory cell (Treg) activation. Depression in FEP is accompanied by monocytic and Th-2 activation, whereas FEP without depression is characterized by Treg activation only. In conclusion, depression emerged as a key component explaining the cytokines imbalance in FEP that is responsible for a large part of the immune–inflammatory abnormalities described.
ISSN:0920-9964
1573-2509
DOI:10.1016/j.schres.2015.01.026