Czochralski growth and characterization of MgAl sub(2)O sub(4) single crystals

MgAl sub(2)O sub(4) (MALO) single crystals were pulled by the Czochralski method in [111] direction. The crystals were doped with Co (0.06-0.6 at% (charge compositions)), because Co super(2+) ions in tetrahedral positions exhibit non-linear optical properties, and, currently, Co:MALO seems to be the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of crystal growth 2014-09, Vol.401, p.844-848
Main Authors: Bajor, Andrzej L, Chmielewski, Marcin, Diduszko, Ryszard, Kisielewski, Jaroslaw, Lukasiewicz, Tadeusz, Orlinski, Krzysztof, Romaniec, Magdalena, Szyrski, Wlodzimierz
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Charge
Cutting
Doping
Lasing
Nonlinearity
Residual stress
Single crystals
Thermal properties
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Summary:MgAl sub(2)O sub(4) (MALO) single crystals were pulled by the Czochralski method in [111] direction. The crystals were doped with Co (0.06-0.6 at% (charge compositions)), because Co super(2+) ions in tetrahedral positions exhibit non-linear optical properties, and, currently, Co:MALO seems to be the best saturable absorber in the eye-safe region (ca. 1.5 [mu]m). By XRD powder technique a stoichiometric MALO was evidenced without admixtures of higher order spinels (MgAl sub(4)O sub(7) and MgAl sub(6)O sub(10)). Also no excessive residual stresses have been discovered by different optical methods, and irrespective of the doping level we did not face any problem of cracking when cutting the crystals into wafers and other structures. In this work we have concentrated our efforts on investigation of thermal properties of MALO. Due to the 2nd order phase transition ca. 650 [degrees]C they seem to be of crucial importance in future thermal bonding of this material to the lasing host (Yb.Er-glass) expected just about this temperature.
ISSN:0022-0248
DOI:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2013.11.001