Terrorism and fertility: evidence for a causal influence of terrorism on fertility

Using a panel data set of 170 countries and terrorism data from 1970 to 2007, we find that terrorist attacks decrease fertility as measured by both total fertility rates and crude birth rates. Furthermore, by using a novel instrumental variable approach, we identify a causal link and address endogen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Oxford review of economic policy 2015-01, Vol.67 (1), p.63-82
Main Authors: Berrebi, Claude, Ostwald, Jordan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Birth rate
Children
Demographic indicators
Fertility rate
Gender
Terrorism
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Summary:Using a panel data set of 170 countries and terrorism data from 1970 to 2007, we find that terrorist attacks decrease fertility as measured by both total fertility rates and crude birth rates. Furthermore, by using a novel instrumental variable approach, we identify a causal link and address endogeneity concerns related to the possibility of stress, caused by rising birth rates or transitioning demographics, affecting terrorism. We find that on average, terrorist attacks decrease fertility, reducing both the expected number of children a woman has over her lifetime and the number of live births occurring during each year. The results are statistically significant and robust across a multitude of model specifications, varying measures of fertility, and differing measures of terrorism. Reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press
ISSN:0266-903X